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Effects of the Commercial Flame Retardant Mixture DE-71 on Cytokine Production by Human Immune Cells

INTRODUCTION: Although production of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) is now banned, release from existing products will continue for many years. The PBDEs are assumed to be neurotoxic and toxic to endocrine organs at low concentrations. Their effect on the immune system has not been investiga...

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Autores principales: Mynster Kronborg, Thit, Frohnert Hansen, Juliana, Nielsen, Claus Henrik, Ramhøj, Louise, Frederiksen, Marie, Vorkamp, Katrin, Feldt-Rasmussen, Ulla
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2016
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4851365/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27128973
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0154621
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author Mynster Kronborg, Thit
Frohnert Hansen, Juliana
Nielsen, Claus Henrik
Ramhøj, Louise
Frederiksen, Marie
Vorkamp, Katrin
Feldt-Rasmussen, Ulla
author_facet Mynster Kronborg, Thit
Frohnert Hansen, Juliana
Nielsen, Claus Henrik
Ramhøj, Louise
Frederiksen, Marie
Vorkamp, Katrin
Feldt-Rasmussen, Ulla
author_sort Mynster Kronborg, Thit
collection PubMed
description INTRODUCTION: Although production of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) is now banned, release from existing products will continue for many years. The PBDEs are assumed to be neurotoxic and toxic to endocrine organs at low concentrations. Their effect on the immune system has not been investigated thoroughly. We aimed to investigate the influence of DE-71 on cytokine production by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) stimulated with Escherichia Coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or phytohaemagglutinin-L (PHA-L). MATERIAL AND METHODS: PBMCs isolated from healthy donors were pre-incubated with DE-71 at various concentrations and subsequently incubated with the monocyte stimulator LPS, or the T-cell activator PHA-L. Interferon (IFN)-γ, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, IL-17A, and IL-17F were quantified in the supernatants by Luminex kits. RESULTS: At non-cytotoxic concentrations (0.01–10 μg/mL), DE-71 significantly enhanced secretion of IL-1β, IL-6, CXCL8, IL-10, and TNF-α (p<0.001–0.019; n = 6) from LPS-stimulated PBMCs. IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-17A, and IL-17F (p = <0.001–0.043; n = 6) secretion were enhanced from PHA-L-stimulated PBMCs as well. Secretion of IL-1β, IL-2, IL-10, IL-8 and IL-6 was not significantly affected by DE-71. CONCLUSIONS: We demonstrate an enhancing effect of DE-71 on cytokine production by normal human PBMCs stimulated with LPS or PHA-L ex vivo.
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spelling pubmed-48513652016-05-07 Effects of the Commercial Flame Retardant Mixture DE-71 on Cytokine Production by Human Immune Cells Mynster Kronborg, Thit Frohnert Hansen, Juliana Nielsen, Claus Henrik Ramhøj, Louise Frederiksen, Marie Vorkamp, Katrin Feldt-Rasmussen, Ulla PLoS One Research Article INTRODUCTION: Although production of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) is now banned, release from existing products will continue for many years. The PBDEs are assumed to be neurotoxic and toxic to endocrine organs at low concentrations. Their effect on the immune system has not been investigated thoroughly. We aimed to investigate the influence of DE-71 on cytokine production by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) stimulated with Escherichia Coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or phytohaemagglutinin-L (PHA-L). MATERIAL AND METHODS: PBMCs isolated from healthy donors were pre-incubated with DE-71 at various concentrations and subsequently incubated with the monocyte stimulator LPS, or the T-cell activator PHA-L. Interferon (IFN)-γ, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, IL-17A, and IL-17F were quantified in the supernatants by Luminex kits. RESULTS: At non-cytotoxic concentrations (0.01–10 μg/mL), DE-71 significantly enhanced secretion of IL-1β, IL-6, CXCL8, IL-10, and TNF-α (p<0.001–0.019; n = 6) from LPS-stimulated PBMCs. IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-17A, and IL-17F (p = <0.001–0.043; n = 6) secretion were enhanced from PHA-L-stimulated PBMCs as well. Secretion of IL-1β, IL-2, IL-10, IL-8 and IL-6 was not significantly affected by DE-71. CONCLUSIONS: We demonstrate an enhancing effect of DE-71 on cytokine production by normal human PBMCs stimulated with LPS or PHA-L ex vivo. Public Library of Science 2016-04-29 /pmc/articles/PMC4851365/ /pubmed/27128973 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0154621 Text en © 2016 Mynster Kronborg et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Mynster Kronborg, Thit
Frohnert Hansen, Juliana
Nielsen, Claus Henrik
Ramhøj, Louise
Frederiksen, Marie
Vorkamp, Katrin
Feldt-Rasmussen, Ulla
Effects of the Commercial Flame Retardant Mixture DE-71 on Cytokine Production by Human Immune Cells
title Effects of the Commercial Flame Retardant Mixture DE-71 on Cytokine Production by Human Immune Cells
title_full Effects of the Commercial Flame Retardant Mixture DE-71 on Cytokine Production by Human Immune Cells
title_fullStr Effects of the Commercial Flame Retardant Mixture DE-71 on Cytokine Production by Human Immune Cells
title_full_unstemmed Effects of the Commercial Flame Retardant Mixture DE-71 on Cytokine Production by Human Immune Cells
title_short Effects of the Commercial Flame Retardant Mixture DE-71 on Cytokine Production by Human Immune Cells
title_sort effects of the commercial flame retardant mixture de-71 on cytokine production by human immune cells
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4851365/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27128973
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0154621
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