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Alzheimer's Disease and Hippocampal Adult Neurogenesis; Exploring Shared Mechanisms

New neurons incorporate into the granular cell layer of the dentate gyrus throughout life. Neurogenesis is modulated by behavior and plays a major role in hippocampal plasticity. Along with older mature neurons, new neurons structure the dentate gyrus, and determine its function. Recent data suggest...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Hollands, Carolyn, Bartolotti, Nancy, Lazarov, Orly
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2016
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4853383/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27199641
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2016.00178
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author Hollands, Carolyn
Bartolotti, Nancy
Lazarov, Orly
author_facet Hollands, Carolyn
Bartolotti, Nancy
Lazarov, Orly
author_sort Hollands, Carolyn
collection PubMed
description New neurons incorporate into the granular cell layer of the dentate gyrus throughout life. Neurogenesis is modulated by behavior and plays a major role in hippocampal plasticity. Along with older mature neurons, new neurons structure the dentate gyrus, and determine its function. Recent data suggest that the level of hippocampal neurogenesis is substantial in the human brain, suggesting that neurogenesis may have important implications for human cognition. In support of that, impaired neurogenesis compromises hippocampal function and plays a role in cognitive deficits in Alzheimer's disease mouse models. We review current work suggesting that neuronal differentiation is defective in Alzheimer's disease, leading to dysfunction of the dentate gyrus. Additionally, alterations in critical signals regulating neurogenesis, such as presenilin-1, Notch 1, soluble amyloid precursor protein, CREB, and β-catenin underlie dysfunctional neurogenesis in Alzheimer's disease. Lastly, we discuss the detectability of neurogenesis in the live mouse and human brain, as well as the therapeutic implications of enhancing neurogenesis for the treatment of cognitive deficits and Alzheimer's disease.
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spelling pubmed-48533832016-05-19 Alzheimer's Disease and Hippocampal Adult Neurogenesis; Exploring Shared Mechanisms Hollands, Carolyn Bartolotti, Nancy Lazarov, Orly Front Neurosci Neuroscience New neurons incorporate into the granular cell layer of the dentate gyrus throughout life. Neurogenesis is modulated by behavior and plays a major role in hippocampal plasticity. Along with older mature neurons, new neurons structure the dentate gyrus, and determine its function. Recent data suggest that the level of hippocampal neurogenesis is substantial in the human brain, suggesting that neurogenesis may have important implications for human cognition. In support of that, impaired neurogenesis compromises hippocampal function and plays a role in cognitive deficits in Alzheimer's disease mouse models. We review current work suggesting that neuronal differentiation is defective in Alzheimer's disease, leading to dysfunction of the dentate gyrus. Additionally, alterations in critical signals regulating neurogenesis, such as presenilin-1, Notch 1, soluble amyloid precursor protein, CREB, and β-catenin underlie dysfunctional neurogenesis in Alzheimer's disease. Lastly, we discuss the detectability of neurogenesis in the live mouse and human brain, as well as the therapeutic implications of enhancing neurogenesis for the treatment of cognitive deficits and Alzheimer's disease. Frontiers Media S.A. 2016-05-03 /pmc/articles/PMC4853383/ /pubmed/27199641 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2016.00178 Text en Copyright © 2016 Hollands, Bartolotti and Lazarov. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Neuroscience
Hollands, Carolyn
Bartolotti, Nancy
Lazarov, Orly
Alzheimer's Disease and Hippocampal Adult Neurogenesis; Exploring Shared Mechanisms
title Alzheimer's Disease and Hippocampal Adult Neurogenesis; Exploring Shared Mechanisms
title_full Alzheimer's Disease and Hippocampal Adult Neurogenesis; Exploring Shared Mechanisms
title_fullStr Alzheimer's Disease and Hippocampal Adult Neurogenesis; Exploring Shared Mechanisms
title_full_unstemmed Alzheimer's Disease and Hippocampal Adult Neurogenesis; Exploring Shared Mechanisms
title_short Alzheimer's Disease and Hippocampal Adult Neurogenesis; Exploring Shared Mechanisms
title_sort alzheimer's disease and hippocampal adult neurogenesis; exploring shared mechanisms
topic Neuroscience
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4853383/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27199641
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2016.00178
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