Cargando…

Postural Instability in Children with ADHD Is Improved by Methylphenidate

HIGHLIGHTS: Both spatial and temporal analyses of the Center of Pressure demonstrate that children with ADHD have poorer postural control than typically developing sex-, age-, and IQ-matched children. Poor sensory integration in postural control could partially explained the deficits in postural sta...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Bucci, Maria P., Stordeur, Coline, Acquaviva, Eric, Peyre, Hugo, Delorme, Richard
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2016
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4854903/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27199629
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2016.00163
_version_ 1782430269325705216
author Bucci, Maria P.
Stordeur, Coline
Acquaviva, Eric
Peyre, Hugo
Delorme, Richard
author_facet Bucci, Maria P.
Stordeur, Coline
Acquaviva, Eric
Peyre, Hugo
Delorme, Richard
author_sort Bucci, Maria P.
collection PubMed
description HIGHLIGHTS: Both spatial and temporal analyses of the Center of Pressure demonstrate that children with ADHD have poorer postural control than typically developing sex-, age-, and IQ-matched children. Poor sensory integration in postural control could partially explained the deficits in postural stability in children with ADHD. MPH treatment improves postural performance in both spatial and temporal domains in children with ADHD. MPH improves postural control specifically when visual and proprioceptive inputs are misleading. Such improvement could be due to MPH effects on neurons, facilitating cerebellar processing of postural control. The aim of this study was to examine postural control in children with ADHD and explore the effect of methylphenidate (MPH), using spatial and temporal analyses of the center of pressure (CoP). Thirty-eight children with ADHD (mean age 9.82 ± 0.37 years) and 38 sex- age- and IQ-matched children with typically development were examined. Postural stability was evaluated using the Multitest Equilibre machine (Framiral®) at inclusion and after 1 month of MPH in children with ADHD. Postural stability was assessed by recording under several conditions: with eyes open and fixed on a target, with eyes closed and with vision perturbed by optokinetic stimulation, on stable and unstable platforms. At inclusion, we observed poor spatial and temporal postural stability in children with ADHD. The spectral power index was higher in children with ADHD than in controls. Canceling time was shorter at low and medium frequencies of oscillation and longer at higher frequencies in children with ADHD. After 1 month of MPH, the surface area and mean velocity of the CoP decreased significantly under the most complex conditions (unstable platform in the absence of proprioceptive and visual inputs). The spectral power index decreased significantly after MPH while the canceling time did not change. Poor postural control in children with ADHD supports the hypothesis of cerebellar dysfunction in this disorder. Postural control could be improved by a more efficient processing of sensory inputs (a high-level process), as suggested by the decrease in spectral power index after MPH without changes in the canceling time (a low-level process).
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-4854903
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2016
publisher Frontiers Media S.A.
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-48549032016-05-19 Postural Instability in Children with ADHD Is Improved by Methylphenidate Bucci, Maria P. Stordeur, Coline Acquaviva, Eric Peyre, Hugo Delorme, Richard Front Neurosci Psychiatry HIGHLIGHTS: Both spatial and temporal analyses of the Center of Pressure demonstrate that children with ADHD have poorer postural control than typically developing sex-, age-, and IQ-matched children. Poor sensory integration in postural control could partially explained the deficits in postural stability in children with ADHD. MPH treatment improves postural performance in both spatial and temporal domains in children with ADHD. MPH improves postural control specifically when visual and proprioceptive inputs are misleading. Such improvement could be due to MPH effects on neurons, facilitating cerebellar processing of postural control. The aim of this study was to examine postural control in children with ADHD and explore the effect of methylphenidate (MPH), using spatial and temporal analyses of the center of pressure (CoP). Thirty-eight children with ADHD (mean age 9.82 ± 0.37 years) and 38 sex- age- and IQ-matched children with typically development were examined. Postural stability was evaluated using the Multitest Equilibre machine (Framiral®) at inclusion and after 1 month of MPH in children with ADHD. Postural stability was assessed by recording under several conditions: with eyes open and fixed on a target, with eyes closed and with vision perturbed by optokinetic stimulation, on stable and unstable platforms. At inclusion, we observed poor spatial and temporal postural stability in children with ADHD. The spectral power index was higher in children with ADHD than in controls. Canceling time was shorter at low and medium frequencies of oscillation and longer at higher frequencies in children with ADHD. After 1 month of MPH, the surface area and mean velocity of the CoP decreased significantly under the most complex conditions (unstable platform in the absence of proprioceptive and visual inputs). The spectral power index decreased significantly after MPH while the canceling time did not change. Poor postural control in children with ADHD supports the hypothesis of cerebellar dysfunction in this disorder. Postural control could be improved by a more efficient processing of sensory inputs (a high-level process), as suggested by the decrease in spectral power index after MPH without changes in the canceling time (a low-level process). Frontiers Media S.A. 2016-05-04 /pmc/articles/PMC4854903/ /pubmed/27199629 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2016.00163 Text en Copyright © 2016 Bucci, Stordeur, Acquaviva, Peyre and Delorme. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Psychiatry
Bucci, Maria P.
Stordeur, Coline
Acquaviva, Eric
Peyre, Hugo
Delorme, Richard
Postural Instability in Children with ADHD Is Improved by Methylphenidate
title Postural Instability in Children with ADHD Is Improved by Methylphenidate
title_full Postural Instability in Children with ADHD Is Improved by Methylphenidate
title_fullStr Postural Instability in Children with ADHD Is Improved by Methylphenidate
title_full_unstemmed Postural Instability in Children with ADHD Is Improved by Methylphenidate
title_short Postural Instability in Children with ADHD Is Improved by Methylphenidate
title_sort postural instability in children with adhd is improved by methylphenidate
topic Psychiatry
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4854903/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27199629
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2016.00163
work_keys_str_mv AT buccimariap posturalinstabilityinchildrenwithadhdisimprovedbymethylphenidate
AT stordeurcoline posturalinstabilityinchildrenwithadhdisimprovedbymethylphenidate
AT acquavivaeric posturalinstabilityinchildrenwithadhdisimprovedbymethylphenidate
AT peyrehugo posturalinstabilityinchildrenwithadhdisimprovedbymethylphenidate
AT delormerichard posturalinstabilityinchildrenwithadhdisimprovedbymethylphenidate