Cargando…

Attentional Control of Gait and Falls: Is Cholinergic Dysfunction a Common Substrate in the Elderly and Parkinson’s Disease?

The aim of this study was to address whether deficits in the central cholinergic activity may contribute to the increased difficulty to allocate attention during gait in the elderly with heightened risk of falls. We recruited 50 participants with a history of two or more falls (33 patients with Park...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Pelosin, Elisa, Ogliastro, Carla, Lagravinese, Giovanna, Bonassi, Gaia, Mirelman, Anat, Hausdorff, Jeffrey M., Abbruzzese, Giovanni, Avanzino, Laura
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2016
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4860418/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27242515
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnagi.2016.00104
_version_ 1782431065741197312
author Pelosin, Elisa
Ogliastro, Carla
Lagravinese, Giovanna
Bonassi, Gaia
Mirelman, Anat
Hausdorff, Jeffrey M.
Abbruzzese, Giovanni
Avanzino, Laura
author_facet Pelosin, Elisa
Ogliastro, Carla
Lagravinese, Giovanna
Bonassi, Gaia
Mirelman, Anat
Hausdorff, Jeffrey M.
Abbruzzese, Giovanni
Avanzino, Laura
author_sort Pelosin, Elisa
collection PubMed
description The aim of this study was to address whether deficits in the central cholinergic activity may contribute to the increased difficulty to allocate attention during gait in the elderly with heightened risk of falls. We recruited 50 participants with a history of two or more falls (33 patients with Parkinson’s Disease and 17 older adults) and 14 non-fallers age-matched adults. Cholinergic activity was estimated by means of short latency afferent inhibition (SAI), a transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) technique that assesses an inhibitory circuit in the sensorimotor cortex and is regarded as a global marker of cholinergic function in the brain. Increased difficulty to allocate attention during gait was evaluated by measuring gait performance under single and dual-task conditions. Global cognition was also assessed. Results showed that SAI was reduced in patients with PD than in the older adults (fallers and non-fallers) and in older adults fallers with respect to non-fallers. Reduction in SAI indicates less inhibition i.e., less cholinergic activity. Gait speed was reduced in the dual task gait compared to normal gait only in our faller population and changes in gait speed under dual task significantly correlated with the mean value of SAI. This association remained significant after adjusting for cognitive status. These findings suggest that central cholinergic activity may be a predictor of change in gait characteristics under dual tasking in older adults and PD fallers independently of cognitive status.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-4860418
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2016
publisher Frontiers Media S.A.
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-48604182016-05-30 Attentional Control of Gait and Falls: Is Cholinergic Dysfunction a Common Substrate in the Elderly and Parkinson’s Disease? Pelosin, Elisa Ogliastro, Carla Lagravinese, Giovanna Bonassi, Gaia Mirelman, Anat Hausdorff, Jeffrey M. Abbruzzese, Giovanni Avanzino, Laura Front Aging Neurosci Neuroscience The aim of this study was to address whether deficits in the central cholinergic activity may contribute to the increased difficulty to allocate attention during gait in the elderly with heightened risk of falls. We recruited 50 participants with a history of two or more falls (33 patients with Parkinson’s Disease and 17 older adults) and 14 non-fallers age-matched adults. Cholinergic activity was estimated by means of short latency afferent inhibition (SAI), a transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) technique that assesses an inhibitory circuit in the sensorimotor cortex and is regarded as a global marker of cholinergic function in the brain. Increased difficulty to allocate attention during gait was evaluated by measuring gait performance under single and dual-task conditions. Global cognition was also assessed. Results showed that SAI was reduced in patients with PD than in the older adults (fallers and non-fallers) and in older adults fallers with respect to non-fallers. Reduction in SAI indicates less inhibition i.e., less cholinergic activity. Gait speed was reduced in the dual task gait compared to normal gait only in our faller population and changes in gait speed under dual task significantly correlated with the mean value of SAI. This association remained significant after adjusting for cognitive status. These findings suggest that central cholinergic activity may be a predictor of change in gait characteristics under dual tasking in older adults and PD fallers independently of cognitive status. Frontiers Media S.A. 2016-05-09 /pmc/articles/PMC4860418/ /pubmed/27242515 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnagi.2016.00104 Text en Copyright © 2016 Pelosin, Ogliastro, Lagravinese, Bonassi, Mirelman, Hausdorff, Abbruzzese and Avanzino. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution and reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Neuroscience
Pelosin, Elisa
Ogliastro, Carla
Lagravinese, Giovanna
Bonassi, Gaia
Mirelman, Anat
Hausdorff, Jeffrey M.
Abbruzzese, Giovanni
Avanzino, Laura
Attentional Control of Gait and Falls: Is Cholinergic Dysfunction a Common Substrate in the Elderly and Parkinson’s Disease?
title Attentional Control of Gait and Falls: Is Cholinergic Dysfunction a Common Substrate in the Elderly and Parkinson’s Disease?
title_full Attentional Control of Gait and Falls: Is Cholinergic Dysfunction a Common Substrate in the Elderly and Parkinson’s Disease?
title_fullStr Attentional Control of Gait and Falls: Is Cholinergic Dysfunction a Common Substrate in the Elderly and Parkinson’s Disease?
title_full_unstemmed Attentional Control of Gait and Falls: Is Cholinergic Dysfunction a Common Substrate in the Elderly and Parkinson’s Disease?
title_short Attentional Control of Gait and Falls: Is Cholinergic Dysfunction a Common Substrate in the Elderly and Parkinson’s Disease?
title_sort attentional control of gait and falls: is cholinergic dysfunction a common substrate in the elderly and parkinson’s disease?
topic Neuroscience
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4860418/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27242515
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnagi.2016.00104
work_keys_str_mv AT pelosinelisa attentionalcontrolofgaitandfallsischolinergicdysfunctionacommonsubstrateintheelderlyandparkinsonsdisease
AT ogliastrocarla attentionalcontrolofgaitandfallsischolinergicdysfunctionacommonsubstrateintheelderlyandparkinsonsdisease
AT lagravinesegiovanna attentionalcontrolofgaitandfallsischolinergicdysfunctionacommonsubstrateintheelderlyandparkinsonsdisease
AT bonassigaia attentionalcontrolofgaitandfallsischolinergicdysfunctionacommonsubstrateintheelderlyandparkinsonsdisease
AT mirelmananat attentionalcontrolofgaitandfallsischolinergicdysfunctionacommonsubstrateintheelderlyandparkinsonsdisease
AT hausdorffjeffreym attentionalcontrolofgaitandfallsischolinergicdysfunctionacommonsubstrateintheelderlyandparkinsonsdisease
AT abbruzzesegiovanni attentionalcontrolofgaitandfallsischolinergicdysfunctionacommonsubstrateintheelderlyandparkinsonsdisease
AT avanzinolaura attentionalcontrolofgaitandfallsischolinergicdysfunctionacommonsubstrateintheelderlyandparkinsonsdisease