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Epicardial Fat: Physiological, Pathological, and Therapeutic Implications

Epicardial fat is closely related to blood supply vessels, both anatomically and functionally, which is why any change in this adipose tissue's behavior is considered a potential risk factor for cardiovascular disease development. When proinflammatory adipokines are released from the epicardial...

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Autores principales: Salazar, Juan, Luzardo, Eliana, Mejías, José Carlos, Rojas, Joselyn, Ferreira, Antonio, Rivas-Ríos, José Ramón, Bermúdez, Valmore
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Hindawi Publishing Corporation 2016
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4861775/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27213076
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/1291537
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author Salazar, Juan
Luzardo, Eliana
Mejías, José Carlos
Rojas, Joselyn
Ferreira, Antonio
Rivas-Ríos, José Ramón
Bermúdez, Valmore
author_facet Salazar, Juan
Luzardo, Eliana
Mejías, José Carlos
Rojas, Joselyn
Ferreira, Antonio
Rivas-Ríos, José Ramón
Bermúdez, Valmore
author_sort Salazar, Juan
collection PubMed
description Epicardial fat is closely related to blood supply vessels, both anatomically and functionally, which is why any change in this adipose tissue's behavior is considered a potential risk factor for cardiovascular disease development. When proinflammatory adipokines are released from the epicardial fat, this can lead to a decrease in insulin sensitivity, low adiponectin production, and an increased proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells. These adipokines move from one compartment to another by either transcellular passing or diffusion, thus having the ability to regulate cardiac muscle activity, a phenomenon called vasocrine regulation. The participation of these adipokines generates a state of persistent vasoconstriction, increased stiffness, and weakening of the coronary wall, consequently contributing to the formation of atherosclerotic plaques. Therefore, epicardial adipose tissue thickening should be considered a risk factor in the development of cardiovascular disease, a potential therapeutic target for cardiovascular pathology and a molecular point of contact for “endocrine-cardiology.”
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spelling pubmed-48617752016-05-22 Epicardial Fat: Physiological, Pathological, and Therapeutic Implications Salazar, Juan Luzardo, Eliana Mejías, José Carlos Rojas, Joselyn Ferreira, Antonio Rivas-Ríos, José Ramón Bermúdez, Valmore Cardiol Res Pract Review Article Epicardial fat is closely related to blood supply vessels, both anatomically and functionally, which is why any change in this adipose tissue's behavior is considered a potential risk factor for cardiovascular disease development. When proinflammatory adipokines are released from the epicardial fat, this can lead to a decrease in insulin sensitivity, low adiponectin production, and an increased proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells. These adipokines move from one compartment to another by either transcellular passing or diffusion, thus having the ability to regulate cardiac muscle activity, a phenomenon called vasocrine regulation. The participation of these adipokines generates a state of persistent vasoconstriction, increased stiffness, and weakening of the coronary wall, consequently contributing to the formation of atherosclerotic plaques. Therefore, epicardial adipose tissue thickening should be considered a risk factor in the development of cardiovascular disease, a potential therapeutic target for cardiovascular pathology and a molecular point of contact for “endocrine-cardiology.” Hindawi Publishing Corporation 2016 2016-04-26 /pmc/articles/PMC4861775/ /pubmed/27213076 http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/1291537 Text en Copyright © 2016 Juan Salazar et al. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Review Article
Salazar, Juan
Luzardo, Eliana
Mejías, José Carlos
Rojas, Joselyn
Ferreira, Antonio
Rivas-Ríos, José Ramón
Bermúdez, Valmore
Epicardial Fat: Physiological, Pathological, and Therapeutic Implications
title Epicardial Fat: Physiological, Pathological, and Therapeutic Implications
title_full Epicardial Fat: Physiological, Pathological, and Therapeutic Implications
title_fullStr Epicardial Fat: Physiological, Pathological, and Therapeutic Implications
title_full_unstemmed Epicardial Fat: Physiological, Pathological, and Therapeutic Implications
title_short Epicardial Fat: Physiological, Pathological, and Therapeutic Implications
title_sort epicardial fat: physiological, pathological, and therapeutic implications
topic Review Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4861775/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27213076
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/1291537
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