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Synthesis, toxicity, biocompatibility, and biomedical applications of graphene and graphene-related materials

Graphene is a two-dimensional atomic crystal, and since its development it has been applied in many novel ways in both research and industry. Graphene possesses unique properties, and it has been used in many applications including sensors, batteries, fuel cells, supercapacitors, transistors, compon...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Gurunathan, Sangiliyandi, Kim, Jin-Hoi
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Dove Medical Press 2016
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4863686/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27226713
http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/IJN.S105264
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author Gurunathan, Sangiliyandi
Kim, Jin-Hoi
author_facet Gurunathan, Sangiliyandi
Kim, Jin-Hoi
author_sort Gurunathan, Sangiliyandi
collection PubMed
description Graphene is a two-dimensional atomic crystal, and since its development it has been applied in many novel ways in both research and industry. Graphene possesses unique properties, and it has been used in many applications including sensors, batteries, fuel cells, supercapacitors, transistors, components of high-strength machinery, and display screens in mobile devices. In the past decade, the biomedical applications of graphene have attracted much interest. Graphene has been reported to have antibacterial, antiplatelet, and anticancer activities. Several salient features of graphene make it a potential candidate for biological and biomedical applications. The synthesis, toxicity, biocompatibility, and biomedical applications of graphene are fundamental issues that require thorough investigation in any kind of applications related to human welfare. Therefore, this review addresses the various methods available for the synthesis of graphene, with special reference to biological synthesis, and highlights the biological applications of graphene with a focus on cancer therapy, drug delivery, bio-imaging, and tissue engineering, together with a brief discussion of the challenges and future perspectives of graphene. We hope to provide a comprehensive review of the latest progress in research on graphene, from synthesis to applications.
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spelling pubmed-48636862016-05-25 Synthesis, toxicity, biocompatibility, and biomedical applications of graphene and graphene-related materials Gurunathan, Sangiliyandi Kim, Jin-Hoi Int J Nanomedicine Review Graphene is a two-dimensional atomic crystal, and since its development it has been applied in many novel ways in both research and industry. Graphene possesses unique properties, and it has been used in many applications including sensors, batteries, fuel cells, supercapacitors, transistors, components of high-strength machinery, and display screens in mobile devices. In the past decade, the biomedical applications of graphene have attracted much interest. Graphene has been reported to have antibacterial, antiplatelet, and anticancer activities. Several salient features of graphene make it a potential candidate for biological and biomedical applications. The synthesis, toxicity, biocompatibility, and biomedical applications of graphene are fundamental issues that require thorough investigation in any kind of applications related to human welfare. Therefore, this review addresses the various methods available for the synthesis of graphene, with special reference to biological synthesis, and highlights the biological applications of graphene with a focus on cancer therapy, drug delivery, bio-imaging, and tissue engineering, together with a brief discussion of the challenges and future perspectives of graphene. We hope to provide a comprehensive review of the latest progress in research on graphene, from synthesis to applications. Dove Medical Press 2016-05-05 /pmc/articles/PMC4863686/ /pubmed/27226713 http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/IJN.S105264 Text en © 2016 Gurunathan and Kim. This work is published and licensed by Dove Medical Press Limited The full terms of this license are available at https://www.dovepress.com/terms.php and incorporate the Creative Commons Attribution – Non Commercial (unported, v3.0) License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/). By accessing the work you hereby accept the Terms. Non-commercial uses of the work are permitted without any further permission from Dove Medical Press Limited, provided the work is properly attributed.
spellingShingle Review
Gurunathan, Sangiliyandi
Kim, Jin-Hoi
Synthesis, toxicity, biocompatibility, and biomedical applications of graphene and graphene-related materials
title Synthesis, toxicity, biocompatibility, and biomedical applications of graphene and graphene-related materials
title_full Synthesis, toxicity, biocompatibility, and biomedical applications of graphene and graphene-related materials
title_fullStr Synthesis, toxicity, biocompatibility, and biomedical applications of graphene and graphene-related materials
title_full_unstemmed Synthesis, toxicity, biocompatibility, and biomedical applications of graphene and graphene-related materials
title_short Synthesis, toxicity, biocompatibility, and biomedical applications of graphene and graphene-related materials
title_sort synthesis, toxicity, biocompatibility, and biomedical applications of graphene and graphene-related materials
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4863686/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27226713
http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/IJN.S105264
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