Cargando…
Development and validation of the Japanese version of cognitive flexibility scale
BACKGROUND: Various instruments have been developed to assess cognitive flexibility, which is an important construct in psychology. Among these, the self-report cognitive flexibility scale (CFS) is particularly popular for use with English speakers; however, there is not yet a Japanese version of th...
Autores principales: | , , |
---|---|
Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
BioMed Central
2016
|
Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4869281/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27188498 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13104-016-2070-y |
_version_ | 1782432290183315456 |
---|---|
author | Oshiro, Keiko Nagaoka, Sawako Shimizu, Eiji |
author_facet | Oshiro, Keiko Nagaoka, Sawako Shimizu, Eiji |
author_sort | Oshiro, Keiko |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: Various instruments have been developed to assess cognitive flexibility, which is an important construct in psychology. Among these, the self-report cognitive flexibility scale (CFS) is particularly popular for use with English speakers; however, there is not yet a Japanese version of this scale. This study reports on the development of a Japanese version of the cognitive flexibility scale (CFS-J), and the assessment of its internal consistency, test–retest reliability, and validities. METHODS: We used the standard translation–back-translation process to develop the Japanese wording of the items and tested these using a sample of 335 eligible participants who did not have a mental illness, were aged 18 years or older, and lived in the suburbs of Tokyo. Participants included office workers, public servants, and college students; 71.6 % were women and 64.8 % were students. The translated scale’s internal consistency reliability was assessed by calculating Cronbach’s alpha and McDonald’s omega, and test–retest reliability was assessed with 107 eligible participants via intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) and Spearman’s correlation of coefficient. Exploratory factory analysis (EFA) and correlations with other scales were used to examine the factor-based and concurrent validities of the CFS-J. RESULTS: Results indicated that the CFS-J has good internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha = 0.847, McDonald’s omega = 0.871) and acceptable test–retest reliability (Spearman’s = 0.687, ICC = 0.689). EFA provided evidence that the CFS-J has a one-factor structure and factor loadings were generally appropriate. The total CFS-J score was significantly and positively correlated with the cognitive flexibility inventory-Japanese version and its two subscales, along with the cognitive control scale and the positive subscale of the short Japanese version of the automatic thought questionnaire–revised (ATQ-R); further, it had a significantly negative correlation with the negative subscale of the ATQ-R (ps < 0.001). This study developed a Japanese version of the cognitive flexibility scale and confirmed its reliability and validity among a sample of people with no current mental illness, who were living in the suburbs of Tokyo. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-4869281 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2016 |
publisher | BioMed Central |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-48692812016-05-18 Development and validation of the Japanese version of cognitive flexibility scale Oshiro, Keiko Nagaoka, Sawako Shimizu, Eiji BMC Res Notes Research Article BACKGROUND: Various instruments have been developed to assess cognitive flexibility, which is an important construct in psychology. Among these, the self-report cognitive flexibility scale (CFS) is particularly popular for use with English speakers; however, there is not yet a Japanese version of this scale. This study reports on the development of a Japanese version of the cognitive flexibility scale (CFS-J), and the assessment of its internal consistency, test–retest reliability, and validities. METHODS: We used the standard translation–back-translation process to develop the Japanese wording of the items and tested these using a sample of 335 eligible participants who did not have a mental illness, were aged 18 years or older, and lived in the suburbs of Tokyo. Participants included office workers, public servants, and college students; 71.6 % were women and 64.8 % were students. The translated scale’s internal consistency reliability was assessed by calculating Cronbach’s alpha and McDonald’s omega, and test–retest reliability was assessed with 107 eligible participants via intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) and Spearman’s correlation of coefficient. Exploratory factory analysis (EFA) and correlations with other scales were used to examine the factor-based and concurrent validities of the CFS-J. RESULTS: Results indicated that the CFS-J has good internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha = 0.847, McDonald’s omega = 0.871) and acceptable test–retest reliability (Spearman’s = 0.687, ICC = 0.689). EFA provided evidence that the CFS-J has a one-factor structure and factor loadings were generally appropriate. The total CFS-J score was significantly and positively correlated with the cognitive flexibility inventory-Japanese version and its two subscales, along with the cognitive control scale and the positive subscale of the short Japanese version of the automatic thought questionnaire–revised (ATQ-R); further, it had a significantly negative correlation with the negative subscale of the ATQ-R (ps < 0.001). This study developed a Japanese version of the cognitive flexibility scale and confirmed its reliability and validity among a sample of people with no current mental illness, who were living in the suburbs of Tokyo. BioMed Central 2016-05-17 /pmc/articles/PMC4869281/ /pubmed/27188498 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13104-016-2070-y Text en © The Author(s). 2016 Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Oshiro, Keiko Nagaoka, Sawako Shimizu, Eiji Development and validation of the Japanese version of cognitive flexibility scale |
title | Development and validation of the Japanese version of cognitive flexibility scale |
title_full | Development and validation of the Japanese version of cognitive flexibility scale |
title_fullStr | Development and validation of the Japanese version of cognitive flexibility scale |
title_full_unstemmed | Development and validation of the Japanese version of cognitive flexibility scale |
title_short | Development and validation of the Japanese version of cognitive flexibility scale |
title_sort | development and validation of the japanese version of cognitive flexibility scale |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4869281/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27188498 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13104-016-2070-y |
work_keys_str_mv | AT oshirokeiko developmentandvalidationofthejapaneseversionofcognitiveflexibilityscale AT nagaokasawako developmentandvalidationofthejapaneseversionofcognitiveflexibilityscale AT shimizueiji developmentandvalidationofthejapaneseversionofcognitiveflexibilityscale |