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Evaluation of Heavy Metal Removal from Wastewater in a Modified Packed Bed Biofilm Reactor
For the effective application of a modified packed bed biofilm reactor (PBBR) in wastewater industrial practice, it is essential to distinguish the tolerance of the system for heavy metals removal. The industrial contamination of wastewater from various sources (e.g. Zn, Cu, Cd and Ni) was studied t...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Public Library of Science
2016
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4871482/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27186636 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0155462 |
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author | Azizi, Shohreh Kamika, Ilunga Tekere, Memory |
author_facet | Azizi, Shohreh Kamika, Ilunga Tekere, Memory |
author_sort | Azizi, Shohreh |
collection | PubMed |
description | For the effective application of a modified packed bed biofilm reactor (PBBR) in wastewater industrial practice, it is essential to distinguish the tolerance of the system for heavy metals removal. The industrial contamination of wastewater from various sources (e.g. Zn, Cu, Cd and Ni) was studied to assess the impacts on a PBBR. This biological system was examined by evaluating the tolerance of different strengths of composite heavy metals at the optimum hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 2 hours. The heavy metal content of the wastewater outlet stream was then compared to the source material. Different biomass concentrations in the reactor were assessed. The results show that the system can efficiently treat 20 (mg/l) concentrations of combined heavy metals at an optimum HRT condition (2 hours), while above this strength there should be a substantially negative impact on treatment efficiency. Average organic reduction, in terms of the chemical oxygen demand (COD) of the system, is reduced above the tolerance limits for heavy metals as mentioned above. The PBBR biological system, in the presence of high surface area carrier media and a high microbial population to the tune of 10 000 (mg/l), is capable of removing the industrial contamination in wastewater. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-4871482 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2016 |
publisher | Public Library of Science |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-48714822016-05-31 Evaluation of Heavy Metal Removal from Wastewater in a Modified Packed Bed Biofilm Reactor Azizi, Shohreh Kamika, Ilunga Tekere, Memory PLoS One Research Article For the effective application of a modified packed bed biofilm reactor (PBBR) in wastewater industrial practice, it is essential to distinguish the tolerance of the system for heavy metals removal. The industrial contamination of wastewater from various sources (e.g. Zn, Cu, Cd and Ni) was studied to assess the impacts on a PBBR. This biological system was examined by evaluating the tolerance of different strengths of composite heavy metals at the optimum hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 2 hours. The heavy metal content of the wastewater outlet stream was then compared to the source material. Different biomass concentrations in the reactor were assessed. The results show that the system can efficiently treat 20 (mg/l) concentrations of combined heavy metals at an optimum HRT condition (2 hours), while above this strength there should be a substantially negative impact on treatment efficiency. Average organic reduction, in terms of the chemical oxygen demand (COD) of the system, is reduced above the tolerance limits for heavy metals as mentioned above. The PBBR biological system, in the presence of high surface area carrier media and a high microbial population to the tune of 10 000 (mg/l), is capable of removing the industrial contamination in wastewater. Public Library of Science 2016-05-17 /pmc/articles/PMC4871482/ /pubmed/27186636 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0155462 Text en © 2016 Azizi et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Azizi, Shohreh Kamika, Ilunga Tekere, Memory Evaluation of Heavy Metal Removal from Wastewater in a Modified Packed Bed Biofilm Reactor |
title | Evaluation of Heavy Metal Removal from Wastewater in a Modified Packed Bed Biofilm Reactor |
title_full | Evaluation of Heavy Metal Removal from Wastewater in a Modified Packed Bed Biofilm Reactor |
title_fullStr | Evaluation of Heavy Metal Removal from Wastewater in a Modified Packed Bed Biofilm Reactor |
title_full_unstemmed | Evaluation of Heavy Metal Removal from Wastewater in a Modified Packed Bed Biofilm Reactor |
title_short | Evaluation of Heavy Metal Removal from Wastewater in a Modified Packed Bed Biofilm Reactor |
title_sort | evaluation of heavy metal removal from wastewater in a modified packed bed biofilm reactor |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4871482/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27186636 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0155462 |
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