Cargando…

Effects of urban fine particulate matter and ozone on HDL functionality

BACKGROUND: Exposures to ambient particulate matter (PM) are associated with increased morbidity and mortality. PM(2.5) (<2.5 μm) and ozone exposures have been shown to associate with carotid intima media thickness in humans. Animal studies support a causal relationship between air pollution and...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Ramanathan, Gajalakshmi, Yin, Fen, Speck, Mary, Tseng, Chi-hong, Brook, Jeffrey R., Silverman, Frances, Urch, Bruce, Brook, Robert D., Araujo, Jesus A.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2016
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4879751/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27221567
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12989-016-0139-3
_version_ 1782433719435395072
author Ramanathan, Gajalakshmi
Yin, Fen
Speck, Mary
Tseng, Chi-hong
Brook, Jeffrey R.
Silverman, Frances
Urch, Bruce
Brook, Robert D.
Araujo, Jesus A.
author_facet Ramanathan, Gajalakshmi
Yin, Fen
Speck, Mary
Tseng, Chi-hong
Brook, Jeffrey R.
Silverman, Frances
Urch, Bruce
Brook, Robert D.
Araujo, Jesus A.
author_sort Ramanathan, Gajalakshmi
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Exposures to ambient particulate matter (PM) are associated with increased morbidity and mortality. PM(2.5) (<2.5 μm) and ozone exposures have been shown to associate with carotid intima media thickness in humans. Animal studies support a causal relationship between air pollution and atherosclerosis and identified adverse PM effects on HDL functionality. We aimed to determine whether brief exposures to PM(2.5) and/or ozone could induce effects on HDL anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory capacity in humans. METHODS: Subjects were exposed to fine concentrated ambient fine particles (CAP) with PM(2.5) targeted at 150 μg/m(3), ozone targeted at 240 μg/m(3) (120 ppb), PM(2.5) plus ozone targeted at similar concentrations, and filtered air (FA) for 2 h, on 4 different occasions, at least two weeks apart, in a randomized, crossover study. Blood was obtained before exposures (baseline), 1 h after and 20 h after exposures. Plasma HDL anti-oxidant/anti-inflammatory capacity and paraoxonase activity were determined. HDL anti-oxidant/anti-inflammatory capacity was assessed by a cell-free fluorescent assay and expressed in units of a HDL oxidant index (HOI). Changes in HOI (ΔHOI) were calculated as the difference in HOI from baseline to 1 h after or 20 h after exposures. RESULTS: There was a trend towards bigger ΔHOI between PM(2.5) and FA 1 h after exposures (p = 0.18) but not 20 h after. This trend became significant (p <0.05) when baseline HOI was lower (<1.5 or <2.0), indicating decreased HDL anti-oxidant/anti-inflammatory capacity shortly after the exposures. There were no significant effects of ozone alone or in combination with PM(2.5) on the change in HOI at both time points. The change in HOI due to PM(2.5) showed a positive trend with particle mass concentration (p = 0.078) and significantly associated with the slope of systolic blood pressure during exposures (p = 0.005). CONCLUSIONS: Brief exposures to concentrated PM(2.5) elicited swift effects on HDL anti-oxidant/anti-inflammatory functionality, which could indicate a potential mechanism for how particulate air pollution induces harmful cardiovascular effects. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12989-016-0139-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-4879751
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2016
publisher BioMed Central
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-48797512016-05-26 Effects of urban fine particulate matter and ozone on HDL functionality Ramanathan, Gajalakshmi Yin, Fen Speck, Mary Tseng, Chi-hong Brook, Jeffrey R. Silverman, Frances Urch, Bruce Brook, Robert D. Araujo, Jesus A. Part Fibre Toxicol Research BACKGROUND: Exposures to ambient particulate matter (PM) are associated with increased morbidity and mortality. PM(2.5) (<2.5 μm) and ozone exposures have been shown to associate with carotid intima media thickness in humans. Animal studies support a causal relationship between air pollution and atherosclerosis and identified adverse PM effects on HDL functionality. We aimed to determine whether brief exposures to PM(2.5) and/or ozone could induce effects on HDL anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory capacity in humans. METHODS: Subjects were exposed to fine concentrated ambient fine particles (CAP) with PM(2.5) targeted at 150 μg/m(3), ozone targeted at 240 μg/m(3) (120 ppb), PM(2.5) plus ozone targeted at similar concentrations, and filtered air (FA) for 2 h, on 4 different occasions, at least two weeks apart, in a randomized, crossover study. Blood was obtained before exposures (baseline), 1 h after and 20 h after exposures. Plasma HDL anti-oxidant/anti-inflammatory capacity and paraoxonase activity were determined. HDL anti-oxidant/anti-inflammatory capacity was assessed by a cell-free fluorescent assay and expressed in units of a HDL oxidant index (HOI). Changes in HOI (ΔHOI) were calculated as the difference in HOI from baseline to 1 h after or 20 h after exposures. RESULTS: There was a trend towards bigger ΔHOI between PM(2.5) and FA 1 h after exposures (p = 0.18) but not 20 h after. This trend became significant (p <0.05) when baseline HOI was lower (<1.5 or <2.0), indicating decreased HDL anti-oxidant/anti-inflammatory capacity shortly after the exposures. There were no significant effects of ozone alone or in combination with PM(2.5) on the change in HOI at both time points. The change in HOI due to PM(2.5) showed a positive trend with particle mass concentration (p = 0.078) and significantly associated with the slope of systolic blood pressure during exposures (p = 0.005). CONCLUSIONS: Brief exposures to concentrated PM(2.5) elicited swift effects on HDL anti-oxidant/anti-inflammatory functionality, which could indicate a potential mechanism for how particulate air pollution induces harmful cardiovascular effects. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12989-016-0139-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. BioMed Central 2016-05-24 /pmc/articles/PMC4879751/ /pubmed/27221567 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12989-016-0139-3 Text en © Ramanathan et al. 2016 Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.
spellingShingle Research
Ramanathan, Gajalakshmi
Yin, Fen
Speck, Mary
Tseng, Chi-hong
Brook, Jeffrey R.
Silverman, Frances
Urch, Bruce
Brook, Robert D.
Araujo, Jesus A.
Effects of urban fine particulate matter and ozone on HDL functionality
title Effects of urban fine particulate matter and ozone on HDL functionality
title_full Effects of urban fine particulate matter and ozone on HDL functionality
title_fullStr Effects of urban fine particulate matter and ozone on HDL functionality
title_full_unstemmed Effects of urban fine particulate matter and ozone on HDL functionality
title_short Effects of urban fine particulate matter and ozone on HDL functionality
title_sort effects of urban fine particulate matter and ozone on hdl functionality
topic Research
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4879751/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27221567
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12989-016-0139-3
work_keys_str_mv AT ramanathangajalakshmi effectsofurbanfineparticulatematterandozoneonhdlfunctionality
AT yinfen effectsofurbanfineparticulatematterandozoneonhdlfunctionality
AT speckmary effectsofurbanfineparticulatematterandozoneonhdlfunctionality
AT tsengchihong effectsofurbanfineparticulatematterandozoneonhdlfunctionality
AT brookjeffreyr effectsofurbanfineparticulatematterandozoneonhdlfunctionality
AT silvermanfrances effectsofurbanfineparticulatematterandozoneonhdlfunctionality
AT urchbruce effectsofurbanfineparticulatematterandozoneonhdlfunctionality
AT brookrobertd effectsofurbanfineparticulatematterandozoneonhdlfunctionality
AT araujojesusa effectsofurbanfineparticulatematterandozoneonhdlfunctionality