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Characterization of Electronic Cigarette Aerosol and Its Induction of Oxidative Stress Response in Oral Keratinocytes

In this study, we have generated and characterized Electronic Cigarette (EC) aerosols using a combination of advanced technologies. In the gas phase, the particle number concentration (PNC) of EC aerosols was found to be positively correlated with puff duration whereas the PNC and size distribution...

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Autores principales: Ji, Eoon Hye, Sun, Bingbing, Zhao, Tongke, Shu, Shi, Chang, Chong Hyun, Messadi, Diana, Xia, Tian, Zhu, Yifang, Hu, Shen
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2016
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4880184/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27223106
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0154447
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author Ji, Eoon Hye
Sun, Bingbing
Zhao, Tongke
Shu, Shi
Chang, Chong Hyun
Messadi, Diana
Xia, Tian
Zhu, Yifang
Hu, Shen
author_facet Ji, Eoon Hye
Sun, Bingbing
Zhao, Tongke
Shu, Shi
Chang, Chong Hyun
Messadi, Diana
Xia, Tian
Zhu, Yifang
Hu, Shen
author_sort Ji, Eoon Hye
collection PubMed
description In this study, we have generated and characterized Electronic Cigarette (EC) aerosols using a combination of advanced technologies. In the gas phase, the particle number concentration (PNC) of EC aerosols was found to be positively correlated with puff duration whereas the PNC and size distribution may vary with different flavors and nicotine strength. In the liquid phase (water or cell culture media), the size of EC nanoparticles appeared to be significantly larger than those in the gas phase, which might be due to aggregation of nanoparticles in the liquid phase. By using in vitro high-throughput cytotoxicity assays, we have demonstrated that EC aerosols significantly decrease intracellular levels of glutathione in NHOKs in a dose-dependent fashion resulting in cytotoxicity. These findings suggest that EC aerosols cause cytotoxicity to oral epithelial cells in vitro, and the underlying molecular mechanisms may be or at least partially due to oxidative stress induced by toxic substances (e.g., nanoparticles and chemicals) present in EC aerosols.
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spelling pubmed-48801842016-06-09 Characterization of Electronic Cigarette Aerosol and Its Induction of Oxidative Stress Response in Oral Keratinocytes Ji, Eoon Hye Sun, Bingbing Zhao, Tongke Shu, Shi Chang, Chong Hyun Messadi, Diana Xia, Tian Zhu, Yifang Hu, Shen PLoS One Research Article In this study, we have generated and characterized Electronic Cigarette (EC) aerosols using a combination of advanced technologies. In the gas phase, the particle number concentration (PNC) of EC aerosols was found to be positively correlated with puff duration whereas the PNC and size distribution may vary with different flavors and nicotine strength. In the liquid phase (water or cell culture media), the size of EC nanoparticles appeared to be significantly larger than those in the gas phase, which might be due to aggregation of nanoparticles in the liquid phase. By using in vitro high-throughput cytotoxicity assays, we have demonstrated that EC aerosols significantly decrease intracellular levels of glutathione in NHOKs in a dose-dependent fashion resulting in cytotoxicity. These findings suggest that EC aerosols cause cytotoxicity to oral epithelial cells in vitro, and the underlying molecular mechanisms may be or at least partially due to oxidative stress induced by toxic substances (e.g., nanoparticles and chemicals) present in EC aerosols. Public Library of Science 2016-05-25 /pmc/articles/PMC4880184/ /pubmed/27223106 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0154447 Text en © 2016 Ji et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Ji, Eoon Hye
Sun, Bingbing
Zhao, Tongke
Shu, Shi
Chang, Chong Hyun
Messadi, Diana
Xia, Tian
Zhu, Yifang
Hu, Shen
Characterization of Electronic Cigarette Aerosol and Its Induction of Oxidative Stress Response in Oral Keratinocytes
title Characterization of Electronic Cigarette Aerosol and Its Induction of Oxidative Stress Response in Oral Keratinocytes
title_full Characterization of Electronic Cigarette Aerosol and Its Induction of Oxidative Stress Response in Oral Keratinocytes
title_fullStr Characterization of Electronic Cigarette Aerosol and Its Induction of Oxidative Stress Response in Oral Keratinocytes
title_full_unstemmed Characterization of Electronic Cigarette Aerosol and Its Induction of Oxidative Stress Response in Oral Keratinocytes
title_short Characterization of Electronic Cigarette Aerosol and Its Induction of Oxidative Stress Response in Oral Keratinocytes
title_sort characterization of electronic cigarette aerosol and its induction of oxidative stress response in oral keratinocytes
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4880184/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27223106
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0154447
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