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Characterization of Electronic Cigarette Aerosol and Its Induction of Oxidative Stress Response in Oral Keratinocytes
In this study, we have generated and characterized Electronic Cigarette (EC) aerosols using a combination of advanced technologies. In the gas phase, the particle number concentration (PNC) of EC aerosols was found to be positively correlated with puff duration whereas the PNC and size distribution...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Public Library of Science
2016
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4880184/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27223106 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0154447 |
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author | Ji, Eoon Hye Sun, Bingbing Zhao, Tongke Shu, Shi Chang, Chong Hyun Messadi, Diana Xia, Tian Zhu, Yifang Hu, Shen |
author_facet | Ji, Eoon Hye Sun, Bingbing Zhao, Tongke Shu, Shi Chang, Chong Hyun Messadi, Diana Xia, Tian Zhu, Yifang Hu, Shen |
author_sort | Ji, Eoon Hye |
collection | PubMed |
description | In this study, we have generated and characterized Electronic Cigarette (EC) aerosols using a combination of advanced technologies. In the gas phase, the particle number concentration (PNC) of EC aerosols was found to be positively correlated with puff duration whereas the PNC and size distribution may vary with different flavors and nicotine strength. In the liquid phase (water or cell culture media), the size of EC nanoparticles appeared to be significantly larger than those in the gas phase, which might be due to aggregation of nanoparticles in the liquid phase. By using in vitro high-throughput cytotoxicity assays, we have demonstrated that EC aerosols significantly decrease intracellular levels of glutathione in NHOKs in a dose-dependent fashion resulting in cytotoxicity. These findings suggest that EC aerosols cause cytotoxicity to oral epithelial cells in vitro, and the underlying molecular mechanisms may be or at least partially due to oxidative stress induced by toxic substances (e.g., nanoparticles and chemicals) present in EC aerosols. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-4880184 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2016 |
publisher | Public Library of Science |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-48801842016-06-09 Characterization of Electronic Cigarette Aerosol and Its Induction of Oxidative Stress Response in Oral Keratinocytes Ji, Eoon Hye Sun, Bingbing Zhao, Tongke Shu, Shi Chang, Chong Hyun Messadi, Diana Xia, Tian Zhu, Yifang Hu, Shen PLoS One Research Article In this study, we have generated and characterized Electronic Cigarette (EC) aerosols using a combination of advanced technologies. In the gas phase, the particle number concentration (PNC) of EC aerosols was found to be positively correlated with puff duration whereas the PNC and size distribution may vary with different flavors and nicotine strength. In the liquid phase (water or cell culture media), the size of EC nanoparticles appeared to be significantly larger than those in the gas phase, which might be due to aggregation of nanoparticles in the liquid phase. By using in vitro high-throughput cytotoxicity assays, we have demonstrated that EC aerosols significantly decrease intracellular levels of glutathione in NHOKs in a dose-dependent fashion resulting in cytotoxicity. These findings suggest that EC aerosols cause cytotoxicity to oral epithelial cells in vitro, and the underlying molecular mechanisms may be or at least partially due to oxidative stress induced by toxic substances (e.g., nanoparticles and chemicals) present in EC aerosols. Public Library of Science 2016-05-25 /pmc/articles/PMC4880184/ /pubmed/27223106 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0154447 Text en © 2016 Ji et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Ji, Eoon Hye Sun, Bingbing Zhao, Tongke Shu, Shi Chang, Chong Hyun Messadi, Diana Xia, Tian Zhu, Yifang Hu, Shen Characterization of Electronic Cigarette Aerosol and Its Induction of Oxidative Stress Response in Oral Keratinocytes |
title | Characterization of Electronic Cigarette Aerosol and Its Induction of Oxidative Stress Response in Oral Keratinocytes |
title_full | Characterization of Electronic Cigarette Aerosol and Its Induction of Oxidative Stress Response in Oral Keratinocytes |
title_fullStr | Characterization of Electronic Cigarette Aerosol and Its Induction of Oxidative Stress Response in Oral Keratinocytes |
title_full_unstemmed | Characterization of Electronic Cigarette Aerosol and Its Induction of Oxidative Stress Response in Oral Keratinocytes |
title_short | Characterization of Electronic Cigarette Aerosol and Its Induction of Oxidative Stress Response in Oral Keratinocytes |
title_sort | characterization of electronic cigarette aerosol and its induction of oxidative stress response in oral keratinocytes |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4880184/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27223106 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0154447 |
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