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Stimulus Specificity of Brain-Computer Interfaces Based on Code Modulation Visual Evoked Potentials

A brain-computer interface (BCI) based on code modulated visual evoked potentials (c-VEP) is among the fastest BCIs that have ever been reported, but it has not yet been given a thorough study. In this study, a pseudorandom binary M sequence and its time lag sequences are utilized for modulation of...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Wei, Qingguo, Feng, Siwei, Lu, Zongwu
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2016
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4886965/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27243454
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0156416
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author Wei, Qingguo
Feng, Siwei
Lu, Zongwu
author_facet Wei, Qingguo
Feng, Siwei
Lu, Zongwu
author_sort Wei, Qingguo
collection PubMed
description A brain-computer interface (BCI) based on code modulated visual evoked potentials (c-VEP) is among the fastest BCIs that have ever been reported, but it has not yet been given a thorough study. In this study, a pseudorandom binary M sequence and its time lag sequences are utilized for modulation of different stimuli and template matching is adopted as the method for target recognition. Five experiments were devised to investigate the effect of stimulus specificity on target recognition and we made an effort to find the optimal stimulus parameters for size, color and proximity of the stimuli, length of modulation sequence and its lag between two adjacent stimuli. By changing the values of these parameters and measuring classification accuracy of the c-VEP BCI, an optimal value of each parameter can be attained. Experimental results of ten subjects showed that stimulus size of visual angle 3.8°, white, spatial proximity of visual angle 4.8° center to center apart, modulation sequence of length 63 bits and the lag of 4 bits between adjacent stimuli yield individually superior performance. These findings provide a basis for determining stimulus presentation of a high-performance c-VEP based BCI system.
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spelling pubmed-48869652016-06-10 Stimulus Specificity of Brain-Computer Interfaces Based on Code Modulation Visual Evoked Potentials Wei, Qingguo Feng, Siwei Lu, Zongwu PLoS One Research Article A brain-computer interface (BCI) based on code modulated visual evoked potentials (c-VEP) is among the fastest BCIs that have ever been reported, but it has not yet been given a thorough study. In this study, a pseudorandom binary M sequence and its time lag sequences are utilized for modulation of different stimuli and template matching is adopted as the method for target recognition. Five experiments were devised to investigate the effect of stimulus specificity on target recognition and we made an effort to find the optimal stimulus parameters for size, color and proximity of the stimuli, length of modulation sequence and its lag between two adjacent stimuli. By changing the values of these parameters and measuring classification accuracy of the c-VEP BCI, an optimal value of each parameter can be attained. Experimental results of ten subjects showed that stimulus size of visual angle 3.8°, white, spatial proximity of visual angle 4.8° center to center apart, modulation sequence of length 63 bits and the lag of 4 bits between adjacent stimuli yield individually superior performance. These findings provide a basis for determining stimulus presentation of a high-performance c-VEP based BCI system. Public Library of Science 2016-05-31 /pmc/articles/PMC4886965/ /pubmed/27243454 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0156416 Text en © 2016 Wei et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Wei, Qingguo
Feng, Siwei
Lu, Zongwu
Stimulus Specificity of Brain-Computer Interfaces Based on Code Modulation Visual Evoked Potentials
title Stimulus Specificity of Brain-Computer Interfaces Based on Code Modulation Visual Evoked Potentials
title_full Stimulus Specificity of Brain-Computer Interfaces Based on Code Modulation Visual Evoked Potentials
title_fullStr Stimulus Specificity of Brain-Computer Interfaces Based on Code Modulation Visual Evoked Potentials
title_full_unstemmed Stimulus Specificity of Brain-Computer Interfaces Based on Code Modulation Visual Evoked Potentials
title_short Stimulus Specificity of Brain-Computer Interfaces Based on Code Modulation Visual Evoked Potentials
title_sort stimulus specificity of brain-computer interfaces based on code modulation visual evoked potentials
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4886965/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27243454
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0156416
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