Primary follicular non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of the ureter: A case report and literature review

Ureteral cancer is a rare type of neoplasm, with the most prevalent forms including squamous cell carcinoma, transitional cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma. Ureteral lymphoma is particularly uncommon, and forming a pre-operative diagnosis of the disease is often difficult. The current study describes the case of a 31-year-old man presenting with a space-occupying lesion located in the left lower ureter. Follicular non-Hodgkin's lymphoma was diagnosed via intraoperative frozen section and post-operative pathological analysis. The affected ureteric segment was excised, and the ureter was repaired by end-to-end anastomosis with insertion of a double-J tube for internal drainage. The patient was followed up for 10 months and presented with no signs of recurrence. The current study affirms the importance of pathological examination in the differential diagnosis of ureteral neoplasms and the selection of an appropriate treatment.