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Brain serotonergic activation in growth-stunted farmed salmon: adaption versus pathology
Signalling systems activated under stress are highly conserved, suggesting adaptive effects of their function. Pathologies arising from continued activation of such systems may represent a mismatch between evolutionary programming and current environments. Here, we use Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar)...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
The Royal Society
2016
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4892444/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27293782 http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.160030 |
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author | Vindas, Marco A. Johansen, Ida B. Folkedal, Ole Höglund, Erik Gorissen, Marnix Flik, Gert Kristiansen, Tore S. Øverli, Øyvind |
author_facet | Vindas, Marco A. Johansen, Ida B. Folkedal, Ole Höglund, Erik Gorissen, Marnix Flik, Gert Kristiansen, Tore S. Øverli, Øyvind |
author_sort | Vindas, Marco A. |
collection | PubMed |
description | Signalling systems activated under stress are highly conserved, suggesting adaptive effects of their function. Pathologies arising from continued activation of such systems may represent a mismatch between evolutionary programming and current environments. Here, we use Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) in aquaculture as a model to explore this stance of evolutionary-based medicine, for which empirical evidence has been lacking. Growth-stunted (GS) farmed fish were characterized by elevated brain serotonergic activation, increased cortisol production and behavioural inhibition. We make the novel observation that the serotonergic system in GS fish is unresponsive to additional stressors, yet a cortisol response is maintained. The inability of the serotonergic system to respond to additional stress, while a cortisol response is present, probably leads to both imbalance in energy metabolism and attenuated neural plasticity. Hence, we propose that serotonin-mediated behavioural inhibition may have evolved in vertebrates to minimize stress exposure in vulnerable individuals. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-4892444 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2016 |
publisher | The Royal Society |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-48924442016-06-10 Brain serotonergic activation in growth-stunted farmed salmon: adaption versus pathology Vindas, Marco A. Johansen, Ida B. Folkedal, Ole Höglund, Erik Gorissen, Marnix Flik, Gert Kristiansen, Tore S. Øverli, Øyvind R Soc Open Sci Biology (Whole Organism) Signalling systems activated under stress are highly conserved, suggesting adaptive effects of their function. Pathologies arising from continued activation of such systems may represent a mismatch between evolutionary programming and current environments. Here, we use Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) in aquaculture as a model to explore this stance of evolutionary-based medicine, for which empirical evidence has been lacking. Growth-stunted (GS) farmed fish were characterized by elevated brain serotonergic activation, increased cortisol production and behavioural inhibition. We make the novel observation that the serotonergic system in GS fish is unresponsive to additional stressors, yet a cortisol response is maintained. The inability of the serotonergic system to respond to additional stress, while a cortisol response is present, probably leads to both imbalance in energy metabolism and attenuated neural plasticity. Hence, we propose that serotonin-mediated behavioural inhibition may have evolved in vertebrates to minimize stress exposure in vulnerable individuals. The Royal Society 2016-05-25 /pmc/articles/PMC4892444/ /pubmed/27293782 http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.160030 Text en http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ © 2016 The Authors. Published by the Royal Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/, which permits unrestricted use, provided the original author and source are credited. |
spellingShingle | Biology (Whole Organism) Vindas, Marco A. Johansen, Ida B. Folkedal, Ole Höglund, Erik Gorissen, Marnix Flik, Gert Kristiansen, Tore S. Øverli, Øyvind Brain serotonergic activation in growth-stunted farmed salmon: adaption versus pathology |
title | Brain serotonergic activation in growth-stunted farmed salmon: adaption versus pathology |
title_full | Brain serotonergic activation in growth-stunted farmed salmon: adaption versus pathology |
title_fullStr | Brain serotonergic activation in growth-stunted farmed salmon: adaption versus pathology |
title_full_unstemmed | Brain serotonergic activation in growth-stunted farmed salmon: adaption versus pathology |
title_short | Brain serotonergic activation in growth-stunted farmed salmon: adaption versus pathology |
title_sort | brain serotonergic activation in growth-stunted farmed salmon: adaption versus pathology |
topic | Biology (Whole Organism) |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4892444/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27293782 http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.160030 |
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