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Low Temperature Affects Stem Cell Maintenance in Brassica oleracea Seedlings

Most of the above ground tissues in higher plants originate from stem cells located in the shoot apical meristem (SAM). Several plant species can suffer from spontaneous stem cell arrest resulting in lack of further shoot development. In Brassica oleracea this SAM arrest is known as blindness and oc...

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Autores principales: de Jonge, Jennifer, Kodde, Jan, Severing, Edouard I., Bonnema, Guusje, Angenent, Gerco C., Immink, Richard G. H., Groot, Steven P. C.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2016
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4896912/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27375654
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2016.00800
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author de Jonge, Jennifer
Kodde, Jan
Severing, Edouard I.
Bonnema, Guusje
Angenent, Gerco C.
Immink, Richard G. H.
Groot, Steven P. C.
author_facet de Jonge, Jennifer
Kodde, Jan
Severing, Edouard I.
Bonnema, Guusje
Angenent, Gerco C.
Immink, Richard G. H.
Groot, Steven P. C.
author_sort de Jonge, Jennifer
collection PubMed
description Most of the above ground tissues in higher plants originate from stem cells located in the shoot apical meristem (SAM). Several plant species can suffer from spontaneous stem cell arrest resulting in lack of further shoot development. In Brassica oleracea this SAM arrest is known as blindness and occurs in an unpredictable manner leading to considerable economic losses for plant raisers and farmers. Detailed analyses of seedlings showed that stem cell arrest is triggered by low temperatures during germination. To induce this arrest reproducibly and to study the effect of the environment, an assay was developed. The role of genetic variation on the susceptibility to develop blind seedlings was analyzed by a quantitative genetic mapping approach, using seeds from a double haploid population from a cross between broccoli and Chinese kale, produced at three locations. The analysis revealed, besides an effect of the seed production location, a region on linkage group C3 associated with blindness sensitivity. A subsequent dynamic genome-wide transcriptome analysis resulted in the identification of around 3000 differentially expressed genes early after blindness induction. A large number of cell cycle genes were en masse induced early during the development of blindness, whereas shortly after, all were down-regulated. This miss-regulation of core cell cycle genes is accompanied with a strong reduction of cells reaching the DNA replication phase. From the differentially expressed genes, 90 were located in the QTL region C3. Among them are two genes belonging to the MINICHROMOSOMAL MAINTENANCE gene family, known to be involved in DNA replication, a RETINOBLASTOMA-RELATED gene, a key regulator for cell cycle initiation, and several MutS homologs genes, involved in DNA repair. These genes are potential candidates for being involved in the development of blindness in Brassica oleracea sensitive genotypes.
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spelling pubmed-48969122016-07-01 Low Temperature Affects Stem Cell Maintenance in Brassica oleracea Seedlings de Jonge, Jennifer Kodde, Jan Severing, Edouard I. Bonnema, Guusje Angenent, Gerco C. Immink, Richard G. H. Groot, Steven P. C. Front Plant Sci Plant Science Most of the above ground tissues in higher plants originate from stem cells located in the shoot apical meristem (SAM). Several plant species can suffer from spontaneous stem cell arrest resulting in lack of further shoot development. In Brassica oleracea this SAM arrest is known as blindness and occurs in an unpredictable manner leading to considerable economic losses for plant raisers and farmers. Detailed analyses of seedlings showed that stem cell arrest is triggered by low temperatures during germination. To induce this arrest reproducibly and to study the effect of the environment, an assay was developed. The role of genetic variation on the susceptibility to develop blind seedlings was analyzed by a quantitative genetic mapping approach, using seeds from a double haploid population from a cross between broccoli and Chinese kale, produced at three locations. The analysis revealed, besides an effect of the seed production location, a region on linkage group C3 associated with blindness sensitivity. A subsequent dynamic genome-wide transcriptome analysis resulted in the identification of around 3000 differentially expressed genes early after blindness induction. A large number of cell cycle genes were en masse induced early during the development of blindness, whereas shortly after, all were down-regulated. This miss-regulation of core cell cycle genes is accompanied with a strong reduction of cells reaching the DNA replication phase. From the differentially expressed genes, 90 were located in the QTL region C3. Among them are two genes belonging to the MINICHROMOSOMAL MAINTENANCE gene family, known to be involved in DNA replication, a RETINOBLASTOMA-RELATED gene, a key regulator for cell cycle initiation, and several MutS homologs genes, involved in DNA repair. These genes are potential candidates for being involved in the development of blindness in Brassica oleracea sensitive genotypes. Frontiers Media S.A. 2016-06-08 /pmc/articles/PMC4896912/ /pubmed/27375654 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2016.00800 Text en Copyright © 2016 de Jonge, Kodde, Severing, Bonnema, Angenent, Immink and Groot. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Plant Science
de Jonge, Jennifer
Kodde, Jan
Severing, Edouard I.
Bonnema, Guusje
Angenent, Gerco C.
Immink, Richard G. H.
Groot, Steven P. C.
Low Temperature Affects Stem Cell Maintenance in Brassica oleracea Seedlings
title Low Temperature Affects Stem Cell Maintenance in Brassica oleracea Seedlings
title_full Low Temperature Affects Stem Cell Maintenance in Brassica oleracea Seedlings
title_fullStr Low Temperature Affects Stem Cell Maintenance in Brassica oleracea Seedlings
title_full_unstemmed Low Temperature Affects Stem Cell Maintenance in Brassica oleracea Seedlings
title_short Low Temperature Affects Stem Cell Maintenance in Brassica oleracea Seedlings
title_sort low temperature affects stem cell maintenance in brassica oleracea seedlings
topic Plant Science
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4896912/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27375654
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2016.00800
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