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Translational Research to Improve the Efficacy of Carbon Ion Radiotherapy: Experience of Gunma University

Carbon ion radiotherapy holds great promise for cancer therapy. Clinical data show that carbon ion radiotherapy is an effective treatment for tumors that are resistant to X-ray radiotherapy. Since 1994 in Japan, the National Institute of Radiological Sciences has been heading the development of carb...

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Autores principales: Oike, Takahiro, Sato, Hiro, Noda, Shin-ei, Nakano, Takashi
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2016
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4899433/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27376029
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2016.00139
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author Oike, Takahiro
Sato, Hiro
Noda, Shin-ei
Nakano, Takashi
author_facet Oike, Takahiro
Sato, Hiro
Noda, Shin-ei
Nakano, Takashi
author_sort Oike, Takahiro
collection PubMed
description Carbon ion radiotherapy holds great promise for cancer therapy. Clinical data show that carbon ion radiotherapy is an effective treatment for tumors that are resistant to X-ray radiotherapy. Since 1994 in Japan, the National Institute of Radiological Sciences has been heading the development of carbon ion radiotherapy using the Heavy Ion Medical Accelerator in Chiba. The Gunma University Heavy Ion Medical Center (GHMC) was established in the year 2006 as a proof-of-principle institute for carbon ion radiotherapy with a view to facilitating the worldwide spread of compact accelerator systems. Along with the management of more than 1900 cancer patients to date, GHMC engages in translational research to improve the treatment efficacy of carbon ion radiotherapy. Research aimed at guiding patient selection is of utmost importance for making the most of carbon ion radiotherapy, which is an extremely limited medical resource. Intratumoral oxygen levels, radiation-induced cellular apoptosis, the capacity to repair DNA double-strand breaks, and the mutational status of tumor protein p53 and epidermal growth factor receptor genes are all associated with X-ray sensitivity. Assays for these factors are useful in the identification of X-ray-resistant tumors for which carbon ion radiotherapy would be beneficial. Research aimed at optimizing treatments based on carbon ion radiotherapy is also important. This includes assessment of dose fractionation, normal tissue toxicity, tumor cell motility, and bystander effects. Furthermore, the efficacy of carbon ion radiotherapy will likely be enhanced by research into combined treatment with other modalities such as chemotherapy. Several clinically available chemotherapeutic drugs (carboplatin, paclitaxel, and etoposide) and drugs at the developmental stage (Wee-1 and heat shock protein 90 inhibitors) show a sensitizing effect on tumor cells treated with carbon ions. Additionally, the efficacy of carbon ion radiotherapy can be improved by combining it with cancer immunotherapy. Clinical validation of preclinical findings is necessary to further improve the treatment efficacy of carbon ion radiotherapy.
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spelling pubmed-48994332016-07-01 Translational Research to Improve the Efficacy of Carbon Ion Radiotherapy: Experience of Gunma University Oike, Takahiro Sato, Hiro Noda, Shin-ei Nakano, Takashi Front Oncol Oncology Carbon ion radiotherapy holds great promise for cancer therapy. Clinical data show that carbon ion radiotherapy is an effective treatment for tumors that are resistant to X-ray radiotherapy. Since 1994 in Japan, the National Institute of Radiological Sciences has been heading the development of carbon ion radiotherapy using the Heavy Ion Medical Accelerator in Chiba. The Gunma University Heavy Ion Medical Center (GHMC) was established in the year 2006 as a proof-of-principle institute for carbon ion radiotherapy with a view to facilitating the worldwide spread of compact accelerator systems. Along with the management of more than 1900 cancer patients to date, GHMC engages in translational research to improve the treatment efficacy of carbon ion radiotherapy. Research aimed at guiding patient selection is of utmost importance for making the most of carbon ion radiotherapy, which is an extremely limited medical resource. Intratumoral oxygen levels, radiation-induced cellular apoptosis, the capacity to repair DNA double-strand breaks, and the mutational status of tumor protein p53 and epidermal growth factor receptor genes are all associated with X-ray sensitivity. Assays for these factors are useful in the identification of X-ray-resistant tumors for which carbon ion radiotherapy would be beneficial. Research aimed at optimizing treatments based on carbon ion radiotherapy is also important. This includes assessment of dose fractionation, normal tissue toxicity, tumor cell motility, and bystander effects. Furthermore, the efficacy of carbon ion radiotherapy will likely be enhanced by research into combined treatment with other modalities such as chemotherapy. Several clinically available chemotherapeutic drugs (carboplatin, paclitaxel, and etoposide) and drugs at the developmental stage (Wee-1 and heat shock protein 90 inhibitors) show a sensitizing effect on tumor cells treated with carbon ions. Additionally, the efficacy of carbon ion radiotherapy can be improved by combining it with cancer immunotherapy. Clinical validation of preclinical findings is necessary to further improve the treatment efficacy of carbon ion radiotherapy. Frontiers Media S.A. 2016-06-09 /pmc/articles/PMC4899433/ /pubmed/27376029 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2016.00139 Text en Copyright © 2016 Oike, Sato, Noda and Nakano. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Oncology
Oike, Takahiro
Sato, Hiro
Noda, Shin-ei
Nakano, Takashi
Translational Research to Improve the Efficacy of Carbon Ion Radiotherapy: Experience of Gunma University
title Translational Research to Improve the Efficacy of Carbon Ion Radiotherapy: Experience of Gunma University
title_full Translational Research to Improve the Efficacy of Carbon Ion Radiotherapy: Experience of Gunma University
title_fullStr Translational Research to Improve the Efficacy of Carbon Ion Radiotherapy: Experience of Gunma University
title_full_unstemmed Translational Research to Improve the Efficacy of Carbon Ion Radiotherapy: Experience of Gunma University
title_short Translational Research to Improve the Efficacy of Carbon Ion Radiotherapy: Experience of Gunma University
title_sort translational research to improve the efficacy of carbon ion radiotherapy: experience of gunma university
topic Oncology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4899433/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27376029
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2016.00139
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