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The quest for mammalian Polycomb response elements: are we there yet?

A long-standing mystery in the field of Polycomb and Trithorax regulation is how these proteins, which are highly conserved between flies and mammals, can regulate several hundred equally highly conserved target genes, but recognise these targets via cis-regulatory elements that appear to show no co...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Bauer, Moritz, Trupke, Johanna, Ringrose, Leonie
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Springer Berlin Heidelberg 2015
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4901126/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26453572
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00412-015-0539-4
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author Bauer, Moritz
Trupke, Johanna
Ringrose, Leonie
author_facet Bauer, Moritz
Trupke, Johanna
Ringrose, Leonie
author_sort Bauer, Moritz
collection PubMed
description A long-standing mystery in the field of Polycomb and Trithorax regulation is how these proteins, which are highly conserved between flies and mammals, can regulate several hundred equally highly conserved target genes, but recognise these targets via cis-regulatory elements that appear to show no conservation in their DNA sequence. These elements, termed Polycomb/Trithorax response elements (PRE/TREs or PREs), are relatively well characterised in flies, but their mammalian counterparts have proved to be extremely difficult to identify. Recent progress in this endeavour has generated a wealth of data and raised several intriguing questions. Here, we ask why and to what extent mammalian PREs are so different to those of the fly. We review recent advances, evaluate current models and identify open questions in the quest for mammalian PREs. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s00412-015-0539-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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spelling pubmed-49011262016-06-27 The quest for mammalian Polycomb response elements: are we there yet? Bauer, Moritz Trupke, Johanna Ringrose, Leonie Chromosoma Review A long-standing mystery in the field of Polycomb and Trithorax regulation is how these proteins, which are highly conserved between flies and mammals, can regulate several hundred equally highly conserved target genes, but recognise these targets via cis-regulatory elements that appear to show no conservation in their DNA sequence. These elements, termed Polycomb/Trithorax response elements (PRE/TREs or PREs), are relatively well characterised in flies, but their mammalian counterparts have proved to be extremely difficult to identify. Recent progress in this endeavour has generated a wealth of data and raised several intriguing questions. Here, we ask why and to what extent mammalian PREs are so different to those of the fly. We review recent advances, evaluate current models and identify open questions in the quest for mammalian PREs. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s00412-015-0539-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. Springer Berlin Heidelberg 2015-10-09 2016 /pmc/articles/PMC4901126/ /pubmed/26453572 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00412-015-0539-4 Text en © The Author(s) 2015 Open Access This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made.
spellingShingle Review
Bauer, Moritz
Trupke, Johanna
Ringrose, Leonie
The quest for mammalian Polycomb response elements: are we there yet?
title The quest for mammalian Polycomb response elements: are we there yet?
title_full The quest for mammalian Polycomb response elements: are we there yet?
title_fullStr The quest for mammalian Polycomb response elements: are we there yet?
title_full_unstemmed The quest for mammalian Polycomb response elements: are we there yet?
title_short The quest for mammalian Polycomb response elements: are we there yet?
title_sort quest for mammalian polycomb response elements: are we there yet?
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4901126/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26453572
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00412-015-0539-4
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