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Ecophysiological consequences of alcoholism on human gut microbiota: implications for ethanol-related pathogenesis of colon cancer
Chronic consumption of excess ethanol increases the risk of colorectal cancer. The pathogenesis of ethanol-related colorectal cancer (ER-CRC) is thought to be partly mediated by gut microbes. Specifically, bacteria in the colon and rectum convert ethanol to acetaldehyde (AcH), which is carcinogenic....
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Nature Publishing Group
2016
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4904738/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27295340 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/srep27923 |
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author | Tsuruya, Atsuki Kuwahara, Akika Saito, Yuta Yamaguchi, Haruhiko Tsubo, Takahisa Suga, Shogo Inai, Makoto Aoki, Yuichi Takahashi, Seiji Tsutsumi, Eri Suwa, Yoshihide Morita, Hidetoshi Kinoshita, Kenji Totsuka, Yukari Suda, Wataru Oshima, Kenshiro Hattori, Masahira Mizukami, Takeshi Yokoyama, Akira Shimoyama, Takefumi Nakayama, Toru |
author_facet | Tsuruya, Atsuki Kuwahara, Akika Saito, Yuta Yamaguchi, Haruhiko Tsubo, Takahisa Suga, Shogo Inai, Makoto Aoki, Yuichi Takahashi, Seiji Tsutsumi, Eri Suwa, Yoshihide Morita, Hidetoshi Kinoshita, Kenji Totsuka, Yukari Suda, Wataru Oshima, Kenshiro Hattori, Masahira Mizukami, Takeshi Yokoyama, Akira Shimoyama, Takefumi Nakayama, Toru |
author_sort | Tsuruya, Atsuki |
collection | PubMed |
description | Chronic consumption of excess ethanol increases the risk of colorectal cancer. The pathogenesis of ethanol-related colorectal cancer (ER-CRC) is thought to be partly mediated by gut microbes. Specifically, bacteria in the colon and rectum convert ethanol to acetaldehyde (AcH), which is carcinogenic. However, the effects of chronic ethanol consumption on the human gut microbiome are poorly understood, and the role of gut microbes in the proposed AcH-mediated pathogenesis of ER-CRC remains to be elaborated. Here we analyse and compare the gut microbiota structures of non-alcoholics and alcoholics. The gut microbiotas of alcoholics were diminished in dominant obligate anaerobes (e.g., Bacteroides and Ruminococcus) and enriched in Streptococcus and other minor species. This alteration might be exacerbated by habitual smoking. These observations could at least partly be explained by the susceptibility of obligate anaerobes to reactive oxygen species, which are increased by chronic exposure of the gut mucosa to ethanol. The AcH productivity from ethanol was much lower in the faeces of alcoholic patients than in faeces of non-alcoholic subjects. The faecal phenotype of the alcoholics could be rationalised based on their gut microbiota structures and the ability of gut bacteria to accumulate AcH from ethanol. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-4904738 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2016 |
publisher | Nature Publishing Group |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-49047382016-06-14 Ecophysiological consequences of alcoholism on human gut microbiota: implications for ethanol-related pathogenesis of colon cancer Tsuruya, Atsuki Kuwahara, Akika Saito, Yuta Yamaguchi, Haruhiko Tsubo, Takahisa Suga, Shogo Inai, Makoto Aoki, Yuichi Takahashi, Seiji Tsutsumi, Eri Suwa, Yoshihide Morita, Hidetoshi Kinoshita, Kenji Totsuka, Yukari Suda, Wataru Oshima, Kenshiro Hattori, Masahira Mizukami, Takeshi Yokoyama, Akira Shimoyama, Takefumi Nakayama, Toru Sci Rep Article Chronic consumption of excess ethanol increases the risk of colorectal cancer. The pathogenesis of ethanol-related colorectal cancer (ER-CRC) is thought to be partly mediated by gut microbes. Specifically, bacteria in the colon and rectum convert ethanol to acetaldehyde (AcH), which is carcinogenic. However, the effects of chronic ethanol consumption on the human gut microbiome are poorly understood, and the role of gut microbes in the proposed AcH-mediated pathogenesis of ER-CRC remains to be elaborated. Here we analyse and compare the gut microbiota structures of non-alcoholics and alcoholics. The gut microbiotas of alcoholics were diminished in dominant obligate anaerobes (e.g., Bacteroides and Ruminococcus) and enriched in Streptococcus and other minor species. This alteration might be exacerbated by habitual smoking. These observations could at least partly be explained by the susceptibility of obligate anaerobes to reactive oxygen species, which are increased by chronic exposure of the gut mucosa to ethanol. The AcH productivity from ethanol was much lower in the faeces of alcoholic patients than in faeces of non-alcoholic subjects. The faecal phenotype of the alcoholics could be rationalised based on their gut microbiota structures and the ability of gut bacteria to accumulate AcH from ethanol. Nature Publishing Group 2016-06-13 /pmc/articles/PMC4904738/ /pubmed/27295340 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/srep27923 Text en Copyright © 2016, Macmillan Publishers Limited http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in the credit line; if the material is not included under the Creative Commons license, users will need to obtain permission from the license holder to reproduce the material. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
spellingShingle | Article Tsuruya, Atsuki Kuwahara, Akika Saito, Yuta Yamaguchi, Haruhiko Tsubo, Takahisa Suga, Shogo Inai, Makoto Aoki, Yuichi Takahashi, Seiji Tsutsumi, Eri Suwa, Yoshihide Morita, Hidetoshi Kinoshita, Kenji Totsuka, Yukari Suda, Wataru Oshima, Kenshiro Hattori, Masahira Mizukami, Takeshi Yokoyama, Akira Shimoyama, Takefumi Nakayama, Toru Ecophysiological consequences of alcoholism on human gut microbiota: implications for ethanol-related pathogenesis of colon cancer |
title | Ecophysiological consequences of alcoholism on human gut microbiota: implications for ethanol-related pathogenesis of colon cancer |
title_full | Ecophysiological consequences of alcoholism on human gut microbiota: implications for ethanol-related pathogenesis of colon cancer |
title_fullStr | Ecophysiological consequences of alcoholism on human gut microbiota: implications for ethanol-related pathogenesis of colon cancer |
title_full_unstemmed | Ecophysiological consequences of alcoholism on human gut microbiota: implications for ethanol-related pathogenesis of colon cancer |
title_short | Ecophysiological consequences of alcoholism on human gut microbiota: implications for ethanol-related pathogenesis of colon cancer |
title_sort | ecophysiological consequences of alcoholism on human gut microbiota: implications for ethanol-related pathogenesis of colon cancer |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4904738/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27295340 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/srep27923 |
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