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Comparing Kaolin and Pinolene to Improve Sustainable Grapevine Production during Drought
Viticulture is widely practiced in dry regions, where the grapevine is greatly exposed to water stress. Optimizing plant water use efficiency (WUE) without affecting crop yield, grape and wine quality is crucial to limiting use of water for irrigation and to significantly improving viticulture susta...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Public Library of Science
2016
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4905681/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27294368 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0156631 |
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author | Brillante, Luca Belfiore, Nicola Gaiotti, Federica Lovat, Lorenzo Sansone, Luigi Poni, Stefano Tomasi, Diego |
author_facet | Brillante, Luca Belfiore, Nicola Gaiotti, Federica Lovat, Lorenzo Sansone, Luigi Poni, Stefano Tomasi, Diego |
author_sort | Brillante, Luca |
collection | PubMed |
description | Viticulture is widely practiced in dry regions, where the grapevine is greatly exposed to water stress. Optimizing plant water use efficiency (WUE) without affecting crop yield, grape and wine quality is crucial to limiting use of water for irrigation and to significantly improving viticulture sustainability. This study examines the use in vineyards of particle film technology (engineered kaolin) and compares it to a film-forming antitranspirant (pinolene), traditionally used to limit leaf water loss, and to an untreated control. The trial was carried out under field conditions over three growing seasons, during which moderate to very severe plant water stress (down to -1.9 MPa) was measured through stem water potential. Leaf stomatal conductance (g(s)) and photosynthesis rate (A(n)) were measured during the seasons and used to compute intrinsic WUE (WUEi, defined as A(n)/g(s) ratio). Leaf temperature was also recorded and compared between treatments. Bunch quantity, bunch and berry weight, sugar accumulation, anthocyanin and flavonoid contents were measured. Finally, microvinifications were performed and resultant wines subjected to sensory evaluation.Results showed that the use of kaolin increased grapevine intrinsic WUE (+18% on average as compared to unsprayed vines) without affecting berry and bunch weight and quantity, or sugar level. Anthocyanin content increased (+35%) in kaolin treatment, and the wine was judged more attractive (p-value <0.05) and slightly more appreciated (p-value < 0.1) than control. Pinolene did not increase WUEi, limiting An more than g(s); grapes with this treatment contained lower sugar and anthocyanin content than control, and the obtained wine was the least appreciated. This study demonstrates that particle film technology can improve vine WUE(i) and wine quality at the same time, while traditional antitranspirants were not as effective for these purposes. This positive effect can be used in interaction with other already-demonstrated uses of particle film technology, such as pest control and sunburn reduction, in order to achieve more sustainable vineyard management. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-4905681 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2016 |
publisher | Public Library of Science |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-49056812016-06-28 Comparing Kaolin and Pinolene to Improve Sustainable Grapevine Production during Drought Brillante, Luca Belfiore, Nicola Gaiotti, Federica Lovat, Lorenzo Sansone, Luigi Poni, Stefano Tomasi, Diego PLoS One Research Article Viticulture is widely practiced in dry regions, where the grapevine is greatly exposed to water stress. Optimizing plant water use efficiency (WUE) without affecting crop yield, grape and wine quality is crucial to limiting use of water for irrigation and to significantly improving viticulture sustainability. This study examines the use in vineyards of particle film technology (engineered kaolin) and compares it to a film-forming antitranspirant (pinolene), traditionally used to limit leaf water loss, and to an untreated control. The trial was carried out under field conditions over three growing seasons, during which moderate to very severe plant water stress (down to -1.9 MPa) was measured through stem water potential. Leaf stomatal conductance (g(s)) and photosynthesis rate (A(n)) were measured during the seasons and used to compute intrinsic WUE (WUEi, defined as A(n)/g(s) ratio). Leaf temperature was also recorded and compared between treatments. Bunch quantity, bunch and berry weight, sugar accumulation, anthocyanin and flavonoid contents were measured. Finally, microvinifications were performed and resultant wines subjected to sensory evaluation.Results showed that the use of kaolin increased grapevine intrinsic WUE (+18% on average as compared to unsprayed vines) without affecting berry and bunch weight and quantity, or sugar level. Anthocyanin content increased (+35%) in kaolin treatment, and the wine was judged more attractive (p-value <0.05) and slightly more appreciated (p-value < 0.1) than control. Pinolene did not increase WUEi, limiting An more than g(s); grapes with this treatment contained lower sugar and anthocyanin content than control, and the obtained wine was the least appreciated. This study demonstrates that particle film technology can improve vine WUE(i) and wine quality at the same time, while traditional antitranspirants were not as effective for these purposes. This positive effect can be used in interaction with other already-demonstrated uses of particle film technology, such as pest control and sunburn reduction, in order to achieve more sustainable vineyard management. Public Library of Science 2016-06-13 /pmc/articles/PMC4905681/ /pubmed/27294368 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0156631 Text en © 2016 Brillante et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Brillante, Luca Belfiore, Nicola Gaiotti, Federica Lovat, Lorenzo Sansone, Luigi Poni, Stefano Tomasi, Diego Comparing Kaolin and Pinolene to Improve Sustainable Grapevine Production during Drought |
title | Comparing Kaolin and Pinolene to Improve Sustainable Grapevine Production during Drought |
title_full | Comparing Kaolin and Pinolene to Improve Sustainable Grapevine Production during Drought |
title_fullStr | Comparing Kaolin and Pinolene to Improve Sustainable Grapevine Production during Drought |
title_full_unstemmed | Comparing Kaolin and Pinolene to Improve Sustainable Grapevine Production during Drought |
title_short | Comparing Kaolin and Pinolene to Improve Sustainable Grapevine Production during Drought |
title_sort | comparing kaolin and pinolene to improve sustainable grapevine production during drought |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4905681/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27294368 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0156631 |
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