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Identifying mortality risks in patients with opioid use disorder using brief screening assessment: Secondary mental health clinical records analysis

BACKGROUND: Risk assessments are widely used, but their ability to predict outcomes in opioid use disorder (OUD) treatment remains unclear. Therefore, the aim was to investigate if addiction-specific brief risk screening is effective in identifying high mortality risk groups and if subsequent clinic...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Bogdanowicz, Karolina Magda, Stewart, Robert, Chang, Chin-Kuo, Downs, Johnny, Khondoker, Mizanur, Shetty, Hitesh, Strang, John, Hayes, Richard Derek
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Elsevier 2016
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4907127/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27179824
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2016.04.036
Descripción
Sumario:BACKGROUND: Risk assessments are widely used, but their ability to predict outcomes in opioid use disorder (OUD) treatment remains unclear. Therefore, the aim was to investigate if addiction-specific brief risk screening is effective in identifying high mortality risk groups and if subsequent clinical actions following risk assessment impacts on mortality levels. METHODS: Opioid use disorder (OUD) patients were identified in the South London and Maudsley Case Register. Deaths were identified through database linkage to the national mortality dataset. Cox and competing-risk regression were used to model associations between brief risk assessment domains and all-cause and overdose mortality in 4488 OUD patients, with up-to 6-year follow-up time where 227 deaths were registered. Data were stratified by admission to general mental health services. RESULTS: All-cause mortality was significantly associated with unsafe injecting (HR 1.53, 95% CI 1.10–2.11) and clinically appraised likelihood of accidental overdose (HR 1.48, 95% CI 1.00–2.19). Overdose-mortality was significantly associated with unsafe injecting (SHR 2.52, 95% CI 1.11–5.70) and clinically appraised suicidality (SHR 2.89, 95% CI 1.38–6.03). Suicidality was associated with a twofold increase in mortality risk among OUD patients who were not admitted to mental health services within 2 months of their risk assessment (HR 2.03, 95% CI 1.67–3.24). CONCLUSIONS: Diagnosis-specific brief risk screening can identify OUD patient subgroups at increased risk of all-cause and overdose mortality. OUD patients, where suicidality is evident, who are not admitted into services are particularly vulnerable.