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Effect of salt intake on beat‐to‐beat blood pressure nonlinear dynamics and entropy in salt‐sensitive versus salt‐protected rats

Blood pressure exhibits substantial short‐ and long‐term variability (BPV). We assessed the hypothesis that the complexity of beat‐to‐beat BPV will be differentially altered in salt‐sensitive hypertensive Dahl rats (SS) versus rats protected from salt‐induced hypertension (SSBN13) maintained on high...

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Autores principales: Fares, Souha A., Habib, Joseph R., Engoren, Milo C., Badr, Kamal F., Habib, Robert H.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2016
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4908498/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27288061
http://dx.doi.org/10.14814/phy2.12823
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author Fares, Souha A.
Habib, Joseph R.
Engoren, Milo C.
Badr, Kamal F.
Habib, Robert H.
author_facet Fares, Souha A.
Habib, Joseph R.
Engoren, Milo C.
Badr, Kamal F.
Habib, Robert H.
author_sort Fares, Souha A.
collection PubMed
description Blood pressure exhibits substantial short‐ and long‐term variability (BPV). We assessed the hypothesis that the complexity of beat‐to‐beat BPV will be differentially altered in salt‐sensitive hypertensive Dahl rats (SS) versus rats protected from salt‐induced hypertension (SSBN13) maintained on high‐salt versus low‐salt diet. Beat‐to‐beat systolic and diastolic BP series from nine SS and six SSBN13 rats (http://www.physionet.org) were analyzed following 9 weeks on low salt and repeated after 2 weeks on high salt. BP complexity was quantified by detrended fluctuation analysis (DFA), short‐ and long‐range scaling exponents (α (S) and α (L)), sample entropy (SampEn), and traditional standard deviation (SD) and coefficient of variation (CV(%)). Mean systolic and diastolic BP increased on high‐salt diet (P < 0.01) particularly for SS rats. SD and CV(%) were similar across groups irrespective of diet. Salt‐sensitive and ‐protected rats exhibited similar complexity indices on low‐salt diet. On high salt, (1) SS rats showed increased scaling exponents or smoother, systolic (P = 0.007 [α (L)]) and diastolic (P = 0.008 [α (L)]) BP series; (2) salt‐protected rats showed lower SampEn (less complex) systolic and diastolic BP (P = 0.046); and (3) compared to protected SSBN13 rats, SS showed higher α (L) for systolic (P = 0.01) and diastolic (P = 0.005) BP. Hypertensive SS rats are more susceptible to high salt with a greater rise in mean BP and reduced complexity. Comparable mean pressures in sensitive and protective rats when on low‐salt diet coupled with similar BPV dynamics suggest a protective role of low‐salt intake in hypertensive rats. This effect likely reflects better coupling of biologic oscillators.
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spelling pubmed-49084982016-06-17 Effect of salt intake on beat‐to‐beat blood pressure nonlinear dynamics and entropy in salt‐sensitive versus salt‐protected rats Fares, Souha A. Habib, Joseph R. Engoren, Milo C. Badr, Kamal F. Habib, Robert H. Physiol Rep Original Research Blood pressure exhibits substantial short‐ and long‐term variability (BPV). We assessed the hypothesis that the complexity of beat‐to‐beat BPV will be differentially altered in salt‐sensitive hypertensive Dahl rats (SS) versus rats protected from salt‐induced hypertension (SSBN13) maintained on high‐salt versus low‐salt diet. Beat‐to‐beat systolic and diastolic BP series from nine SS and six SSBN13 rats (http://www.physionet.org) were analyzed following 9 weeks on low salt and repeated after 2 weeks on high salt. BP complexity was quantified by detrended fluctuation analysis (DFA), short‐ and long‐range scaling exponents (α (S) and α (L)), sample entropy (SampEn), and traditional standard deviation (SD) and coefficient of variation (CV(%)). Mean systolic and diastolic BP increased on high‐salt diet (P < 0.01) particularly for SS rats. SD and CV(%) were similar across groups irrespective of diet. Salt‐sensitive and ‐protected rats exhibited similar complexity indices on low‐salt diet. On high salt, (1) SS rats showed increased scaling exponents or smoother, systolic (P = 0.007 [α (L)]) and diastolic (P = 0.008 [α (L)]) BP series; (2) salt‐protected rats showed lower SampEn (less complex) systolic and diastolic BP (P = 0.046); and (3) compared to protected SSBN13 rats, SS showed higher α (L) for systolic (P = 0.01) and diastolic (P = 0.005) BP. Hypertensive SS rats are more susceptible to high salt with a greater rise in mean BP and reduced complexity. Comparable mean pressures in sensitive and protective rats when on low‐salt diet coupled with similar BPV dynamics suggest a protective role of low‐salt intake in hypertensive rats. This effect likely reflects better coupling of biologic oscillators. John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2016-06-10 /pmc/articles/PMC4908498/ /pubmed/27288061 http://dx.doi.org/10.14814/phy2.12823 Text en © 2016 The Authors. Physiological Reports published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of the American Physiological Society and The Physiological Society. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Original Research
Fares, Souha A.
Habib, Joseph R.
Engoren, Milo C.
Badr, Kamal F.
Habib, Robert H.
Effect of salt intake on beat‐to‐beat blood pressure nonlinear dynamics and entropy in salt‐sensitive versus salt‐protected rats
title Effect of salt intake on beat‐to‐beat blood pressure nonlinear dynamics and entropy in salt‐sensitive versus salt‐protected rats
title_full Effect of salt intake on beat‐to‐beat blood pressure nonlinear dynamics and entropy in salt‐sensitive versus salt‐protected rats
title_fullStr Effect of salt intake on beat‐to‐beat blood pressure nonlinear dynamics and entropy in salt‐sensitive versus salt‐protected rats
title_full_unstemmed Effect of salt intake on beat‐to‐beat blood pressure nonlinear dynamics and entropy in salt‐sensitive versus salt‐protected rats
title_short Effect of salt intake on beat‐to‐beat blood pressure nonlinear dynamics and entropy in salt‐sensitive versus salt‐protected rats
title_sort effect of salt intake on beat‐to‐beat blood pressure nonlinear dynamics and entropy in salt‐sensitive versus salt‐protected rats
topic Original Research
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4908498/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27288061
http://dx.doi.org/10.14814/phy2.12823
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