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Lineage re-commitment of CD4CD8αα intraepithelial lymphocytes in the gut

The gastrointestinal tract forms the largest surface in our body with constantly being exposed to various antigens, which provides unique microenvironment for the immune system in the intestine. Accordingly, the gut epithelium harbors the most T lymphocytes in the body as intraepithelial lymphocytes...

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Autores principales: Park, Yunji, Moon, Sook-Jin, Lee, Seung-Woo
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Korean Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology 2016
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4914207/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26592937
http://dx.doi.org/10.5483/BMBRep.2016.49.1.242
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author Park, Yunji
Moon, Sook-Jin
Lee, Seung-Woo
author_facet Park, Yunji
Moon, Sook-Jin
Lee, Seung-Woo
author_sort Park, Yunji
collection PubMed
description The gastrointestinal tract forms the largest surface in our body with constantly being exposed to various antigens, which provides unique microenvironment for the immune system in the intestine. Accordingly, the gut epithelium harbors the most T lymphocytes in the body as intraepithelial lymphocytes (IELs), which are phenotypically and functionally heterogeneous populations, distinct from the conventional mature T cells in the periphery. IELs arise either from pre-committed thymic precursors (natural IELs) or from conventional CD4 or CD8αβ T cells in response to peripheral antigens (induced IELs), both of which commonly express CD8α homodimers (CD8αα). Although lineage commitment to either conventional CD4 T helper (Th) or cytotoxic CD8αβ T cells as well as their respective co-receptor expression are mutually exclusive and irreversible process, CD4 T cells can be redirected to the CD8 IELs with high cytolytic activity upon migration to the gut epithelium. Recent reports show that master transcription factors for CD4 and CD8 T cells, ThPOK (Th-inducing BTB/POZ-Kruppel-like factor) and Runx3 (Runt related transcription factor 3), respectively, are the key regulators for re-programming of CD4 T cells to CD8 lineage in the intestinal epithelium. This review will focus on the unique differentiation process of IELs, particularly lineage re-commitment of CD4 IELs. [BMB Reports 2016; 49(1): 11-17]
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spelling pubmed-49142072016-06-23 Lineage re-commitment of CD4CD8αα intraepithelial lymphocytes in the gut Park, Yunji Moon, Sook-Jin Lee, Seung-Woo BMB Rep Invited Mini Review The gastrointestinal tract forms the largest surface in our body with constantly being exposed to various antigens, which provides unique microenvironment for the immune system in the intestine. Accordingly, the gut epithelium harbors the most T lymphocytes in the body as intraepithelial lymphocytes (IELs), which are phenotypically and functionally heterogeneous populations, distinct from the conventional mature T cells in the periphery. IELs arise either from pre-committed thymic precursors (natural IELs) or from conventional CD4 or CD8αβ T cells in response to peripheral antigens (induced IELs), both of which commonly express CD8α homodimers (CD8αα). Although lineage commitment to either conventional CD4 T helper (Th) or cytotoxic CD8αβ T cells as well as their respective co-receptor expression are mutually exclusive and irreversible process, CD4 T cells can be redirected to the CD8 IELs with high cytolytic activity upon migration to the gut epithelium. Recent reports show that master transcription factors for CD4 and CD8 T cells, ThPOK (Th-inducing BTB/POZ-Kruppel-like factor) and Runx3 (Runt related transcription factor 3), respectively, are the key regulators for re-programming of CD4 T cells to CD8 lineage in the intestinal epithelium. This review will focus on the unique differentiation process of IELs, particularly lineage re-commitment of CD4 IELs. [BMB Reports 2016; 49(1): 11-17] Korean Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology 2016-01 /pmc/articles/PMC4914207/ /pubmed/26592937 http://dx.doi.org/10.5483/BMBRep.2016.49.1.242 Text en Copyright © 2016, Korean Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Invited Mini Review
Park, Yunji
Moon, Sook-Jin
Lee, Seung-Woo
Lineage re-commitment of CD4CD8αα intraepithelial lymphocytes in the gut
title Lineage re-commitment of CD4CD8αα intraepithelial lymphocytes in the gut
title_full Lineage re-commitment of CD4CD8αα intraepithelial lymphocytes in the gut
title_fullStr Lineage re-commitment of CD4CD8αα intraepithelial lymphocytes in the gut
title_full_unstemmed Lineage re-commitment of CD4CD8αα intraepithelial lymphocytes in the gut
title_short Lineage re-commitment of CD4CD8αα intraepithelial lymphocytes in the gut
title_sort lineage re-commitment of cd4cd8αα intraepithelial lymphocytes in the gut
topic Invited Mini Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4914207/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26592937
http://dx.doi.org/10.5483/BMBRep.2016.49.1.242
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