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Targeting microRNAs as key modulators of tumor immune response
The role of immune response is emerging as a key factor in the complex multistep process of cancer. Tumor microenvironment contains different types of immune cells, which contribute to regulate the fine balance between anti and protumor signals. In this context, mechanisms of crosstalk between cance...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
BioMed Central
2016
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4924278/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27349385 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13046-016-0375-2 |
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author | Paladini, Laura Fabris, Linda Bottai, Giulia Raschioni, Carlotta Calin, George A. Santarpia, Libero |
author_facet | Paladini, Laura Fabris, Linda Bottai, Giulia Raschioni, Carlotta Calin, George A. Santarpia, Libero |
author_sort | Paladini, Laura |
collection | PubMed |
description | The role of immune response is emerging as a key factor in the complex multistep process of cancer. Tumor microenvironment contains different types of immune cells, which contribute to regulate the fine balance between anti and protumor signals. In this context, mechanisms of crosstalk between cancer and immune cells remain to be extensively elucidated. Interestingly, microRNAs (miRNAs) have been demonstrated to function as crucial regulators of immune response in both physiological and pathological conditions. Specifically, different miRNAs have been reported to have a role in controlling the development and the functions of tumor-associated immune cells. This review aims to describe the most important miRNAs acting as critical modulators of immune response in the context of different solid tumors. In particular, we discuss recent studies that have demonstrated the existence of miRNA-mediated mechanisms regulating the recruitment and the activation status of specific tumor-associated immune cells in the tumor microenvironment. Moreover, various miRNAs have been found to target key cancer-related immune pathways, which concur to mediate the secretion of immunosuppressive or immunostimulating factors by cancer or immune cells. Modalities of miRNA exchange and miRNA-based delivery strategies are also discussed. Based on these findings, the modulation of individual or multiple miRNAs has the potential to enhance or inhibit specific immune subpopulations supporting antitumor immune responses, thus contributing to negatively affect tumorigenesis. New miRNA-based strategies can be developed for more effective immunotherapeutic interventions in cancer. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-4924278 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2016 |
publisher | BioMed Central |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-49242782016-06-29 Targeting microRNAs as key modulators of tumor immune response Paladini, Laura Fabris, Linda Bottai, Giulia Raschioni, Carlotta Calin, George A. Santarpia, Libero J Exp Clin Cancer Res Review The role of immune response is emerging as a key factor in the complex multistep process of cancer. Tumor microenvironment contains different types of immune cells, which contribute to regulate the fine balance between anti and protumor signals. In this context, mechanisms of crosstalk between cancer and immune cells remain to be extensively elucidated. Interestingly, microRNAs (miRNAs) have been demonstrated to function as crucial regulators of immune response in both physiological and pathological conditions. Specifically, different miRNAs have been reported to have a role in controlling the development and the functions of tumor-associated immune cells. This review aims to describe the most important miRNAs acting as critical modulators of immune response in the context of different solid tumors. In particular, we discuss recent studies that have demonstrated the existence of miRNA-mediated mechanisms regulating the recruitment and the activation status of specific tumor-associated immune cells in the tumor microenvironment. Moreover, various miRNAs have been found to target key cancer-related immune pathways, which concur to mediate the secretion of immunosuppressive or immunostimulating factors by cancer or immune cells. Modalities of miRNA exchange and miRNA-based delivery strategies are also discussed. Based on these findings, the modulation of individual or multiple miRNAs has the potential to enhance or inhibit specific immune subpopulations supporting antitumor immune responses, thus contributing to negatively affect tumorigenesis. New miRNA-based strategies can be developed for more effective immunotherapeutic interventions in cancer. BioMed Central 2016-06-27 /pmc/articles/PMC4924278/ /pubmed/27349385 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13046-016-0375-2 Text en © The Author(s). 2016 Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated. |
spellingShingle | Review Paladini, Laura Fabris, Linda Bottai, Giulia Raschioni, Carlotta Calin, George A. Santarpia, Libero Targeting microRNAs as key modulators of tumor immune response |
title | Targeting microRNAs as key modulators of tumor immune response |
title_full | Targeting microRNAs as key modulators of tumor immune response |
title_fullStr | Targeting microRNAs as key modulators of tumor immune response |
title_full_unstemmed | Targeting microRNAs as key modulators of tumor immune response |
title_short | Targeting microRNAs as key modulators of tumor immune response |
title_sort | targeting micrornas as key modulators of tumor immune response |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4924278/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27349385 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13046-016-0375-2 |
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