Cargando…
Purinergic Signaling in Gut Inflammation: The Role of Connexins and Pannexins
Purinergic receptors play an important role in inflammation, and can be activated by ATP released via pannexin channels and/or connexin hemichannels. The purinergic P2X7 receptor (P2X7R) is of interest since it is involved in apoptosis when activated. Most studies focus on the influence of pannexin-...
Autores principales: | , , |
---|---|
Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2016
|
Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4925662/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27445679 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2016.00311 |
_version_ | 1782439974664142848 |
---|---|
author | Diezmos, Erica F. Bertrand, Paul P. Liu, Lu |
author_facet | Diezmos, Erica F. Bertrand, Paul P. Liu, Lu |
author_sort | Diezmos, Erica F. |
collection | PubMed |
description | Purinergic receptors play an important role in inflammation, and can be activated by ATP released via pannexin channels and/or connexin hemichannels. The purinergic P2X7 receptor (P2X7R) is of interest since it is involved in apoptosis when activated. Most studies focus on the influence of pannexin-1 (Panx1) and connexin 43 (Cx43) on ATP release and how it affects P2X7R function during inflammation. Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is characterized by uncontrolled inflammation within the gastrointestinal system. At present, the pathophysiology of this disease remains largely unknown but it may involve the interplay between P2X7R, Panx1, and Cx43. There are two main types of IBD, ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, that are classified by their location and frequency of inflammation. Current research suggests that alterations to normal functioning of innate and adaptive immunity may be a factor in disease progression. The involvement of purinergic receptors, connexins, and pannexins in IBD is a relatively novel notion in the context of gastrointestinal inflammation, and has been explored by various research groups. Thus, the present review focuses on the current research involving connexins, pannexins, and purinergic receptors within the gut and enteric nervous system, and will examine their involvement in inflammation and the pathophysiology of IBD. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-4925662 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2016 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-49256622016-07-21 Purinergic Signaling in Gut Inflammation: The Role of Connexins and Pannexins Diezmos, Erica F. Bertrand, Paul P. Liu, Lu Front Neurosci Neurology Purinergic receptors play an important role in inflammation, and can be activated by ATP released via pannexin channels and/or connexin hemichannels. The purinergic P2X7 receptor (P2X7R) is of interest since it is involved in apoptosis when activated. Most studies focus on the influence of pannexin-1 (Panx1) and connexin 43 (Cx43) on ATP release and how it affects P2X7R function during inflammation. Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is characterized by uncontrolled inflammation within the gastrointestinal system. At present, the pathophysiology of this disease remains largely unknown but it may involve the interplay between P2X7R, Panx1, and Cx43. There are two main types of IBD, ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, that are classified by their location and frequency of inflammation. Current research suggests that alterations to normal functioning of innate and adaptive immunity may be a factor in disease progression. The involvement of purinergic receptors, connexins, and pannexins in IBD is a relatively novel notion in the context of gastrointestinal inflammation, and has been explored by various research groups. Thus, the present review focuses on the current research involving connexins, pannexins, and purinergic receptors within the gut and enteric nervous system, and will examine their involvement in inflammation and the pathophysiology of IBD. Frontiers Media S.A. 2016-06-29 /pmc/articles/PMC4925662/ /pubmed/27445679 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2016.00311 Text en Copyright © 2016 Diezmos, Bertrand and Liu. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Neurology Diezmos, Erica F. Bertrand, Paul P. Liu, Lu Purinergic Signaling in Gut Inflammation: The Role of Connexins and Pannexins |
title | Purinergic Signaling in Gut Inflammation: The Role of Connexins and Pannexins |
title_full | Purinergic Signaling in Gut Inflammation: The Role of Connexins and Pannexins |
title_fullStr | Purinergic Signaling in Gut Inflammation: The Role of Connexins and Pannexins |
title_full_unstemmed | Purinergic Signaling in Gut Inflammation: The Role of Connexins and Pannexins |
title_short | Purinergic Signaling in Gut Inflammation: The Role of Connexins and Pannexins |
title_sort | purinergic signaling in gut inflammation: the role of connexins and pannexins |
topic | Neurology |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4925662/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27445679 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2016.00311 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT diezmosericaf purinergicsignalingingutinflammationtheroleofconnexinsandpannexins AT bertrandpaulp purinergicsignalingingutinflammationtheroleofconnexinsandpannexins AT liulu purinergicsignalingingutinflammationtheroleofconnexinsandpannexins |