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Role of fluid shear stress in regulating VWF structure, function and related blood disorders
Von Willebrand factor (VWF) is the largest glycoprotein in blood. It plays a crucial role in primary hemostasis via its binding interaction with platelet and endothelial cell surface receptors, other blood proteins and extra-cellular matrix components. This protein is found as a series of repeat uni...
Autores principales: | , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
IOS Press
2016
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4927820/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26600266 http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/BIR-15061 |
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author | Gogia, Shobhit Neelamegham, Sriram |
author_facet | Gogia, Shobhit Neelamegham, Sriram |
author_sort | Gogia, Shobhit |
collection | PubMed |
description | Von Willebrand factor (VWF) is the largest glycoprotein in blood. It plays a crucial role in primary hemostasis via its binding interaction with platelet and endothelial cell surface receptors, other blood proteins and extra-cellular matrix components. This protein is found as a series of repeat units that are disulfide bonded to form multimeric structures. Once in blood, the protein multimer distribution is dynamically regulated by fluid shear stress which has two opposing effects: it promotes the aggregation or self-association of multiple VWF units, and it simultaneously reduces multimer size by facilitating the force-dependent cleavage of the protein by various proteases, most notably ADAMTS13 (a disintegrin and metalloprotease with thrombospondin type repeats, motif 1 type 13). In addition to these effects, fluid shear also controls the solution and substrate-immobilized structure of VWF, the nature of contact between blood platelets and substrates, and the biomechanics of the GpIbα–VWF bond. These features together regulate different physiological and pathological processes including normal hemostasis, arterial and venous thrombosis, von Willebrand disease, thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura and acquired von Willebrand syndrome. This article discusses current knowledge of VWF structure–function relationships with emphasis on the effects of hydrodynamic shear, including rapid methods to estimate the nature and magnitude of these forces in selected conditions. It shows that observations made by many investigators using solution and substrate-based shearing devices can be reconciled upon considering the physical size of VWF and the applied mechanical force in these different geometries. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-4927820 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2016 |
publisher | IOS Press |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-49278202016-06-30 Role of fluid shear stress in regulating VWF structure, function and related blood disorders Gogia, Shobhit Neelamegham, Sriram Biorheology Review Article Von Willebrand factor (VWF) is the largest glycoprotein in blood. It plays a crucial role in primary hemostasis via its binding interaction with platelet and endothelial cell surface receptors, other blood proteins and extra-cellular matrix components. This protein is found as a series of repeat units that are disulfide bonded to form multimeric structures. Once in blood, the protein multimer distribution is dynamically regulated by fluid shear stress which has two opposing effects: it promotes the aggregation or self-association of multiple VWF units, and it simultaneously reduces multimer size by facilitating the force-dependent cleavage of the protein by various proteases, most notably ADAMTS13 (a disintegrin and metalloprotease with thrombospondin type repeats, motif 1 type 13). In addition to these effects, fluid shear also controls the solution and substrate-immobilized structure of VWF, the nature of contact between blood platelets and substrates, and the biomechanics of the GpIbα–VWF bond. These features together regulate different physiological and pathological processes including normal hemostasis, arterial and venous thrombosis, von Willebrand disease, thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura and acquired von Willebrand syndrome. This article discusses current knowledge of VWF structure–function relationships with emphasis on the effects of hydrodynamic shear, including rapid methods to estimate the nature and magnitude of these forces in selected conditions. It shows that observations made by many investigators using solution and substrate-based shearing devices can be reconciled upon considering the physical size of VWF and the applied mechanical force in these different geometries. IOS Press 2016-02-10 /pmc/articles/PMC4927820/ /pubmed/26600266 http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/BIR-15061 Text en IOS Press and the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Review Article Gogia, Shobhit Neelamegham, Sriram Role of fluid shear stress in regulating VWF structure, function and related blood disorders |
title | Role of fluid shear stress in regulating VWF structure, function and related blood disorders |
title_full | Role of fluid shear stress in regulating VWF structure, function and related blood disorders |
title_fullStr | Role of fluid shear stress in regulating VWF structure, function and related blood disorders |
title_full_unstemmed | Role of fluid shear stress in regulating VWF structure, function and related blood disorders |
title_short | Role of fluid shear stress in regulating VWF structure, function and related blood disorders |
title_sort | role of fluid shear stress in regulating vwf structure, function and related blood disorders |
topic | Review Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4927820/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26600266 http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/BIR-15061 |
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