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Attentional Bias for Reward and Punishment in Overweight and Obesity: The TRAILS Study

More than 80% of obese adolescents will become obese adults, and it is therefore important to enhance insight into characteristics that underlie the development and maintenance of overweight and obesity at a young age. The current study is the first to focus on attentional biases towards rewarding a...

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Autores principales: Jonker, Nienke C., Glashouwer, Klaske A., Ostafin, Brian D., van Hemel-Ruiter, Madelon E., Smink, Frédérique R. E., Hoek, Hans W., de Jong, Peter J.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2016
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4938215/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27391017
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0157573
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author Jonker, Nienke C.
Glashouwer, Klaske A.
Ostafin, Brian D.
van Hemel-Ruiter, Madelon E.
Smink, Frédérique R. E.
Hoek, Hans W.
de Jong, Peter J.
author_facet Jonker, Nienke C.
Glashouwer, Klaske A.
Ostafin, Brian D.
van Hemel-Ruiter, Madelon E.
Smink, Frédérique R. E.
Hoek, Hans W.
de Jong, Peter J.
author_sort Jonker, Nienke C.
collection PubMed
description More than 80% of obese adolescents will become obese adults, and it is therefore important to enhance insight into characteristics that underlie the development and maintenance of overweight and obesity at a young age. The current study is the first to focus on attentional biases towards rewarding and punishing cues as potentially important factors. Participants were young adolescents (N = 607) who were followed from the age of 13 until the age of 19, and completed a motivational game indexing the attentional bias to general cues of reward and punishment. Additionally, self-reported reward and punishment sensitivity was measured. This study showed that attentional biases to cues that signal reward or punishment and self-reported reward and punishment sensitivity were not related to body mass index or the change in body mass index over six years in adolescents. Thus, attentional bias to cues of reward and cues of punishment, and self-reported reward and punishment sensitivity, do not seem to be crucial factors in the development and maintenance of overweight and obesity in adolescents. Exploratory analyses of the current study suggest that the amount of effort to gain reward and to avoid punishment may play a role in the development and maintenance of overweight and obesity. However, since the effort measure was a construct based on face validity and has not been properly validated, more studies are necessary before firm conclusions can be drawn.
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spelling pubmed-49382152016-07-22 Attentional Bias for Reward and Punishment in Overweight and Obesity: The TRAILS Study Jonker, Nienke C. Glashouwer, Klaske A. Ostafin, Brian D. van Hemel-Ruiter, Madelon E. Smink, Frédérique R. E. Hoek, Hans W. de Jong, Peter J. PLoS One Research Article More than 80% of obese adolescents will become obese adults, and it is therefore important to enhance insight into characteristics that underlie the development and maintenance of overweight and obesity at a young age. The current study is the first to focus on attentional biases towards rewarding and punishing cues as potentially important factors. Participants were young adolescents (N = 607) who were followed from the age of 13 until the age of 19, and completed a motivational game indexing the attentional bias to general cues of reward and punishment. Additionally, self-reported reward and punishment sensitivity was measured. This study showed that attentional biases to cues that signal reward or punishment and self-reported reward and punishment sensitivity were not related to body mass index or the change in body mass index over six years in adolescents. Thus, attentional bias to cues of reward and cues of punishment, and self-reported reward and punishment sensitivity, do not seem to be crucial factors in the development and maintenance of overweight and obesity in adolescents. Exploratory analyses of the current study suggest that the amount of effort to gain reward and to avoid punishment may play a role in the development and maintenance of overweight and obesity. However, since the effort measure was a construct based on face validity and has not been properly validated, more studies are necessary before firm conclusions can be drawn. Public Library of Science 2016-07-08 /pmc/articles/PMC4938215/ /pubmed/27391017 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0157573 Text en © 2016 Jonker et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Jonker, Nienke C.
Glashouwer, Klaske A.
Ostafin, Brian D.
van Hemel-Ruiter, Madelon E.
Smink, Frédérique R. E.
Hoek, Hans W.
de Jong, Peter J.
Attentional Bias for Reward and Punishment in Overweight and Obesity: The TRAILS Study
title Attentional Bias for Reward and Punishment in Overweight and Obesity: The TRAILS Study
title_full Attentional Bias for Reward and Punishment in Overweight and Obesity: The TRAILS Study
title_fullStr Attentional Bias for Reward and Punishment in Overweight and Obesity: The TRAILS Study
title_full_unstemmed Attentional Bias for Reward and Punishment in Overweight and Obesity: The TRAILS Study
title_short Attentional Bias for Reward and Punishment in Overweight and Obesity: The TRAILS Study
title_sort attentional bias for reward and punishment in overweight and obesity: the trails study
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4938215/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27391017
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0157573
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