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Molecular and serological epidemiology of Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) in a remote island of western Japan: an implication of JEV migration over the East China Sea
BACKGROUND: Japanese encephalitis (JE) is a mosquito-borne infectious disease caused by Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV). About 1–10 cases with severe central nervous system symptoms have been constantly reported every year in Japan. To clarify the mechanism of maintenance of JEV, the present study...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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BioMed Central
2016
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4940834/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27433127 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s41182-016-0010-0 |
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author | Yoshikawa, Akira Nabeshima, Takeshi Inoue, Shingo Agoh, Masanobu Morita, Kouichi |
author_facet | Yoshikawa, Akira Nabeshima, Takeshi Inoue, Shingo Agoh, Masanobu Morita, Kouichi |
author_sort | Yoshikawa, Akira |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: Japanese encephalitis (JE) is a mosquito-borne infectious disease caused by Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV). About 1–10 cases with severe central nervous system symptoms have been constantly reported every year in Japan. To clarify the mechanism of maintenance of JEV, the present study surveyed pigs for serological evidence of JEV infection and isolated JEV strains from pigs and mosquitoes in Isahaya City (Isahaya) and Goto City (Goto) in the islets of Goto in Nagasaki Prefecture from 2008 to 2014. RESULTS: The serological survey of pigs showed the increase of IgM sero-positivity against JEV in July or August, and it was maintained until October or November in both Isahaya and Goto every year. There were 47 JEV strains isolated in Nagasaki from 2001 to 2014 including the isolates in this study, and they belonged to genotype 1. Thirty four of the isolated strains were from pigs in Isahaya and were classified under six subclusters (1-A-1, 1-A-2, 1-A-3, 1-A-4, 1-A-5, and 1-A-9). Thirteen strains were isolated from pigs and mosquitoes in Goto and were classified into three subclusters (1-A-5 (2008); 1-A-1 (2009); and 1-A-2). In the subcluster 1-A-2, three different monophyletic subgroups, 1-A-2-2 (2010), 1-A-2-3 (2011), and 1-A-2-1 (2013, 2014), appeared in Goto. CONCLUSIONS: These data strongly suggested that JEV appearance in Goto seems to depend on the frequent introduction of JEV from outside of the island and this pattern is different from what has been observed in subtropical islands in the East China Sea such as Okinawa and Taiwan, where the same populations of JEV (1-A-7 (1998–2008) in Okinawa; genotype 3 (until 2012) in Taiwan) have been maintained for a long period. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-4940834 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2016 |
publisher | BioMed Central |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-49408342016-07-18 Molecular and serological epidemiology of Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) in a remote island of western Japan: an implication of JEV migration over the East China Sea Yoshikawa, Akira Nabeshima, Takeshi Inoue, Shingo Agoh, Masanobu Morita, Kouichi Trop Med Health Research BACKGROUND: Japanese encephalitis (JE) is a mosquito-borne infectious disease caused by Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV). About 1–10 cases with severe central nervous system symptoms have been constantly reported every year in Japan. To clarify the mechanism of maintenance of JEV, the present study surveyed pigs for serological evidence of JEV infection and isolated JEV strains from pigs and mosquitoes in Isahaya City (Isahaya) and Goto City (Goto) in the islets of Goto in Nagasaki Prefecture from 2008 to 2014. RESULTS: The serological survey of pigs showed the increase of IgM sero-positivity against JEV in July or August, and it was maintained until October or November in both Isahaya and Goto every year. There were 47 JEV strains isolated in Nagasaki from 2001 to 2014 including the isolates in this study, and they belonged to genotype 1. Thirty four of the isolated strains were from pigs in Isahaya and were classified under six subclusters (1-A-1, 1-A-2, 1-A-3, 1-A-4, 1-A-5, and 1-A-9). Thirteen strains were isolated from pigs and mosquitoes in Goto and were classified into three subclusters (1-A-5 (2008); 1-A-1 (2009); and 1-A-2). In the subcluster 1-A-2, three different monophyletic subgroups, 1-A-2-2 (2010), 1-A-2-3 (2011), and 1-A-2-1 (2013, 2014), appeared in Goto. CONCLUSIONS: These data strongly suggested that JEV appearance in Goto seems to depend on the frequent introduction of JEV from outside of the island and this pattern is different from what has been observed in subtropical islands in the East China Sea such as Okinawa and Taiwan, where the same populations of JEV (1-A-7 (1998–2008) in Okinawa; genotype 3 (until 2012) in Taiwan) have been maintained for a long period. BioMed Central 2016-05-03 /pmc/articles/PMC4940834/ /pubmed/27433127 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s41182-016-0010-0 Text en © The Author(s) 2016 Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated. |
spellingShingle | Research Yoshikawa, Akira Nabeshima, Takeshi Inoue, Shingo Agoh, Masanobu Morita, Kouichi Molecular and serological epidemiology of Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) in a remote island of western Japan: an implication of JEV migration over the East China Sea |
title | Molecular and serological epidemiology of Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) in a remote island of western Japan: an implication of JEV migration over the East China Sea |
title_full | Molecular and serological epidemiology of Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) in a remote island of western Japan: an implication of JEV migration over the East China Sea |
title_fullStr | Molecular and serological epidemiology of Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) in a remote island of western Japan: an implication of JEV migration over the East China Sea |
title_full_unstemmed | Molecular and serological epidemiology of Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) in a remote island of western Japan: an implication of JEV migration over the East China Sea |
title_short | Molecular and serological epidemiology of Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) in a remote island of western Japan: an implication of JEV migration over the East China Sea |
title_sort | molecular and serological epidemiology of japanese encephalitis virus (jev) in a remote island of western japan: an implication of jev migration over the east china sea |
topic | Research |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4940834/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27433127 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s41182-016-0010-0 |
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