Cargando…

Disentangling adaptive evolutionary radiations and the role of diet in promoting diversification on islands

Although the initial formulation of modern concepts of adaptive radiation arose from consideration of the fossil data, rigorous attempts to identify this phenomenon in the fossil record are largely uncommon. Here I focus on direct evidence of the diet (through tooth-wear patterns) and ecologically-r...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autor principal: DeMiguel, Daniel
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Nature Publishing Group 2016
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4942836/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27405690
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/srep29803
_version_ 1782442491056750592
author DeMiguel, Daniel
author_facet DeMiguel, Daniel
author_sort DeMiguel, Daniel
collection PubMed
description Although the initial formulation of modern concepts of adaptive radiation arose from consideration of the fossil data, rigorous attempts to identify this phenomenon in the fossil record are largely uncommon. Here I focus on direct evidence of the diet (through tooth-wear patterns) and ecologically-relevant traits of one of the most renowned fossil vertebrates-the Miocene ruminant Hoplitomeryx from the island of Gargano-to deepen our understanding of the most likely causal forces under which adaptive radiations emerge on islands. Results show how accelerated accumulation of species and early-bursts of ecological diversification occur after invading an island, and provide insights on the interplay between diet and demographic (population-density), ecological (competition/food requirements) and abiotic (climate-instability) factors, identified as drivers of adaptive diversification. A pronounced event of overpopulation and a phase of aridity determined most of the rate and magnitude of radiation, and pushed species to expand diets from soft-leafy foods to tougher-harder items. Unexpectedly, results show that herbivorous mammals are restricted to browsing habits on small-islands, even if bursts of ecological diversification and dietary divergence occur. This study deepens our understanding of the mechanisms promoting adaptive radiations, and forces us to reevaluate the role of diet in the origins and evolution of islands mammals.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-4942836
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2016
publisher Nature Publishing Group
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-49428362016-07-20 Disentangling adaptive evolutionary radiations and the role of diet in promoting diversification on islands DeMiguel, Daniel Sci Rep Article Although the initial formulation of modern concepts of adaptive radiation arose from consideration of the fossil data, rigorous attempts to identify this phenomenon in the fossil record are largely uncommon. Here I focus on direct evidence of the diet (through tooth-wear patterns) and ecologically-relevant traits of one of the most renowned fossil vertebrates-the Miocene ruminant Hoplitomeryx from the island of Gargano-to deepen our understanding of the most likely causal forces under which adaptive radiations emerge on islands. Results show how accelerated accumulation of species and early-bursts of ecological diversification occur after invading an island, and provide insights on the interplay between diet and demographic (population-density), ecological (competition/food requirements) and abiotic (climate-instability) factors, identified as drivers of adaptive diversification. A pronounced event of overpopulation and a phase of aridity determined most of the rate and magnitude of radiation, and pushed species to expand diets from soft-leafy foods to tougher-harder items. Unexpectedly, results show that herbivorous mammals are restricted to browsing habits on small-islands, even if bursts of ecological diversification and dietary divergence occur. This study deepens our understanding of the mechanisms promoting adaptive radiations, and forces us to reevaluate the role of diet in the origins and evolution of islands mammals. Nature Publishing Group 2016-07-13 /pmc/articles/PMC4942836/ /pubmed/27405690 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/srep29803 Text en Copyright © 2016, Macmillan Publishers Limited http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in the credit line; if the material is not included under the Creative Commons license, users will need to obtain permission from the license holder to reproduce the material. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
spellingShingle Article
DeMiguel, Daniel
Disentangling adaptive evolutionary radiations and the role of diet in promoting diversification on islands
title Disentangling adaptive evolutionary radiations and the role of diet in promoting diversification on islands
title_full Disentangling adaptive evolutionary radiations and the role of diet in promoting diversification on islands
title_fullStr Disentangling adaptive evolutionary radiations and the role of diet in promoting diversification on islands
title_full_unstemmed Disentangling adaptive evolutionary radiations and the role of diet in promoting diversification on islands
title_short Disentangling adaptive evolutionary radiations and the role of diet in promoting diversification on islands
title_sort disentangling adaptive evolutionary radiations and the role of diet in promoting diversification on islands
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4942836/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27405690
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/srep29803
work_keys_str_mv AT demigueldaniel disentanglingadaptiveevolutionaryradiationsandtheroleofdietinpromotingdiversificationonislands