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From Grouping to Coupling: A New Perceptual Organization in Vision, Psychology, and Biology

In this work, perceptual organization has been studied with the same spirit and phenomenological methods used by Gestalt psychologists. This was accomplished through new conditions that cannot be explained in terms of the classical principles of grouping. Perceptual grouping represents the way throu...

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Autores principales: Pinna, Baingio, Porcheddu, Daniele, Deiana, Katia
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2016
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4943963/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27471483
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2016.01051
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author Pinna, Baingio
Porcheddu, Daniele
Deiana, Katia
author_facet Pinna, Baingio
Porcheddu, Daniele
Deiana, Katia
author_sort Pinna, Baingio
collection PubMed
description In this work, perceptual organization has been studied with the same spirit and phenomenological methods used by Gestalt psychologists. This was accomplished through new conditions that cannot be explained in terms of the classical principles of grouping. Perceptual grouping represents the way through which our visual system builds integrated elements on the basis of the maximal homogeneity among the components of the stimulus pattern. Our results demonstrated the inconsistency of organization by grouping, and more importantly, the inconsistency of the principle of similarity. On the contrary, they suggested the unique role played by the principle of dissimilarity among elements that behaves like an accent or a visual emphasis within a whole. The principle of accentuation was here considered as imparting a directional structure to the elements and to the whole object thus creating new phenomena. The salience of the resulting phenomena reveals the supremacy of dissimilarity in relation to similarity and the fact that it belongs to a further organization dynamics that we called “coupling.” In biology, coupling and its principle of accentuation are very strongly related to disruptive camouflage. Moreover, they are source of sexual attraction. They advertise the presence and elicit species identification/communication. In human beings accentuation is needed to show ourselves to others, to understand the way we dress, choose, and create clothes or invent fashion, the way we change our body accentuating several parts and hiding some others, the way we use maquillage. The existence of maquillage itself is derived from the need to accentuate something with the purpose to increase sexual attraction, to exhibit physical strength and beauty, to show or hide social status (e.g., being the king, a warrior, a priest, etc.). Last but not least, accentuation plays a basic role also in making it easier or difficult to read and understand written words.
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spelling pubmed-49439632016-07-28 From Grouping to Coupling: A New Perceptual Organization in Vision, Psychology, and Biology Pinna, Baingio Porcheddu, Daniele Deiana, Katia Front Psychol Psychology In this work, perceptual organization has been studied with the same spirit and phenomenological methods used by Gestalt psychologists. This was accomplished through new conditions that cannot be explained in terms of the classical principles of grouping. Perceptual grouping represents the way through which our visual system builds integrated elements on the basis of the maximal homogeneity among the components of the stimulus pattern. Our results demonstrated the inconsistency of organization by grouping, and more importantly, the inconsistency of the principle of similarity. On the contrary, they suggested the unique role played by the principle of dissimilarity among elements that behaves like an accent or a visual emphasis within a whole. The principle of accentuation was here considered as imparting a directional structure to the elements and to the whole object thus creating new phenomena. The salience of the resulting phenomena reveals the supremacy of dissimilarity in relation to similarity and the fact that it belongs to a further organization dynamics that we called “coupling.” In biology, coupling and its principle of accentuation are very strongly related to disruptive camouflage. Moreover, they are source of sexual attraction. They advertise the presence and elicit species identification/communication. In human beings accentuation is needed to show ourselves to others, to understand the way we dress, choose, and create clothes or invent fashion, the way we change our body accentuating several parts and hiding some others, the way we use maquillage. The existence of maquillage itself is derived from the need to accentuate something with the purpose to increase sexual attraction, to exhibit physical strength and beauty, to show or hide social status (e.g., being the king, a warrior, a priest, etc.). Last but not least, accentuation plays a basic role also in making it easier or difficult to read and understand written words. Frontiers Media S.A. 2016-07-14 /pmc/articles/PMC4943963/ /pubmed/27471483 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2016.01051 Text en Copyright © 2016 Pinna, Porcheddu and Deiana. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Psychology
Pinna, Baingio
Porcheddu, Daniele
Deiana, Katia
From Grouping to Coupling: A New Perceptual Organization in Vision, Psychology, and Biology
title From Grouping to Coupling: A New Perceptual Organization in Vision, Psychology, and Biology
title_full From Grouping to Coupling: A New Perceptual Organization in Vision, Psychology, and Biology
title_fullStr From Grouping to Coupling: A New Perceptual Organization in Vision, Psychology, and Biology
title_full_unstemmed From Grouping to Coupling: A New Perceptual Organization in Vision, Psychology, and Biology
title_short From Grouping to Coupling: A New Perceptual Organization in Vision, Psychology, and Biology
title_sort from grouping to coupling: a new perceptual organization in vision, psychology, and biology
topic Psychology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4943963/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27471483
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2016.01051
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