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The Role of Social Novelty in Risk Seeking and Exploratory Behavior: Implications for Addictions

Novelty preference or sensation seeking is associated with disorders of addiction and predicts rodent compulsive drug use and adolescent binge drinking in humans. Novelty has also been shown to influence choice in the context of uncertainty and reward processing. Here we introduce a novel or familia...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Mitchell, Simon, Gao, Jennifer, Hallett, Mark, Voon, Valerie
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2016
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4948764/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27427940
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0158947
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author Mitchell, Simon
Gao, Jennifer
Hallett, Mark
Voon, Valerie
author_facet Mitchell, Simon
Gao, Jennifer
Hallett, Mark
Voon, Valerie
author_sort Mitchell, Simon
collection PubMed
description Novelty preference or sensation seeking is associated with disorders of addiction and predicts rodent compulsive drug use and adolescent binge drinking in humans. Novelty has also been shown to influence choice in the context of uncertainty and reward processing. Here we introduce a novel or familiar neutral face stimuli and investigate its influence on risk-taking choices in healthy volunteers. We focus on behavioural outcomes and imaging correlates to the prime that might predict risk seeking. We hypothesized that subjects would be more risk seeking following a novel relative to familiar stimulus. We adapted a risk-taking task involving acceptance or rejection of a 50:50 choice of gain or loss that was preceded by a familiar (pre-test familiarization) or novel face prime. Neutral expression faces of males and females were used as primes. Twenty-four subjects were first tested behaviourally and then 18 scanned using a different variant of the same task under functional MRI. We show enhanced risk taking to both gain and loss anticipation following novel relative to familiar images and particularly for the low gain condition. Greater risk taking behaviour and self-reported exploratory behaviours was predicted by greater right ventral putaminal activity to novel versus familiar contexts. Social novelty appears to have a contextually enhancing effect on augmenting risky choices possibly mediated via ventral putaminal dopaminergic activity. Our findings link the observation that novelty preference and sensation seeking are important traits predicting the initiation and maintenance of risky behaviours, including substance and behavioural addictions.
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spelling pubmed-49487642016-08-01 The Role of Social Novelty in Risk Seeking and Exploratory Behavior: Implications for Addictions Mitchell, Simon Gao, Jennifer Hallett, Mark Voon, Valerie PLoS One Research Article Novelty preference or sensation seeking is associated with disorders of addiction and predicts rodent compulsive drug use and adolescent binge drinking in humans. Novelty has also been shown to influence choice in the context of uncertainty and reward processing. Here we introduce a novel or familiar neutral face stimuli and investigate its influence on risk-taking choices in healthy volunteers. We focus on behavioural outcomes and imaging correlates to the prime that might predict risk seeking. We hypothesized that subjects would be more risk seeking following a novel relative to familiar stimulus. We adapted a risk-taking task involving acceptance or rejection of a 50:50 choice of gain or loss that was preceded by a familiar (pre-test familiarization) or novel face prime. Neutral expression faces of males and females were used as primes. Twenty-four subjects were first tested behaviourally and then 18 scanned using a different variant of the same task under functional MRI. We show enhanced risk taking to both gain and loss anticipation following novel relative to familiar images and particularly for the low gain condition. Greater risk taking behaviour and self-reported exploratory behaviours was predicted by greater right ventral putaminal activity to novel versus familiar contexts. Social novelty appears to have a contextually enhancing effect on augmenting risky choices possibly mediated via ventral putaminal dopaminergic activity. Our findings link the observation that novelty preference and sensation seeking are important traits predicting the initiation and maintenance of risky behaviours, including substance and behavioural addictions. Public Library of Science 2016-07-18 /pmc/articles/PMC4948764/ /pubmed/27427940 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0158947 Text en https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ This is an open access article, free of all copyright, and may be freely reproduced, distributed, transmitted, modified, built upon, or otherwise used by anyone for any lawful purpose. The work is made available under the Creative Commons CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) public domain dedication.
spellingShingle Research Article
Mitchell, Simon
Gao, Jennifer
Hallett, Mark
Voon, Valerie
The Role of Social Novelty in Risk Seeking and Exploratory Behavior: Implications for Addictions
title The Role of Social Novelty in Risk Seeking and Exploratory Behavior: Implications for Addictions
title_full The Role of Social Novelty in Risk Seeking and Exploratory Behavior: Implications for Addictions
title_fullStr The Role of Social Novelty in Risk Seeking and Exploratory Behavior: Implications for Addictions
title_full_unstemmed The Role of Social Novelty in Risk Seeking and Exploratory Behavior: Implications for Addictions
title_short The Role of Social Novelty in Risk Seeking and Exploratory Behavior: Implications for Addictions
title_sort role of social novelty in risk seeking and exploratory behavior: implications for addictions
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4948764/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27427940
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0158947
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