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Nickel Release, ROS Generation and Toxicity of Ni and NiO Micro- and Nanoparticles
Occupational exposure to airborne nickel is associated with an elevated risk for respiratory tract diseases including lung cancer. Therefore, the increased production of Ni-containing nanoparticles necessitates a thorough assessment of their physical, chemical, as well as toxicological properties. T...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Public Library of Science
2016
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4951072/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27434640 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0159684 |
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author | Latvala, Siiri Hedberg, Jonas Di Bucchianico, Sebastiano Möller, Lennart Odnevall Wallinder, Inger Elihn, Karine Karlsson, Hanna L. |
author_facet | Latvala, Siiri Hedberg, Jonas Di Bucchianico, Sebastiano Möller, Lennart Odnevall Wallinder, Inger Elihn, Karine Karlsson, Hanna L. |
author_sort | Latvala, Siiri |
collection | PubMed |
description | Occupational exposure to airborne nickel is associated with an elevated risk for respiratory tract diseases including lung cancer. Therefore, the increased production of Ni-containing nanoparticles necessitates a thorough assessment of their physical, chemical, as well as toxicological properties. The aim of this study was to investigate and compare the characteristics of nickel metal (Ni) and nickel oxide (NiO) particles with a focus on Ni release, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, cellular uptake, cytotoxicity and genotoxicity. Four Ni-containing particles of both nano-size (Ni-n and NiO-n) and micron-size (Ni-m1 and Ni-m2) were tested. The released amount of Ni in solution was notably higher in artificial lysosomal fluid (e.g. 80–100 wt% for metallic Ni) than in cell medium after 24h (ca. 1–3 wt% for all particles). Each of the particles was taken up by the cells within 4 h and they remained in the cells to a high extent after 24 h post-incubation. Thus, the high dissolution in ALF appeared not to reflect the particle dissolution in the cells. Ni-m1 showed the most pronounced effect on cell viability after 48 h (alamar blue assay) whereas all particles showed increased cytotoxicity in the highest doses (20–40 μg cm(2)) when assessed by colony forming efficiency (CFE). Interestingly an increased CFE, suggesting higher proliferation, was observed for all particles in low doses (0.1 or 1 μg cm(-2)). Ni-m1 and NiO-n were the most potent in causing acellular ROS and DNA damage. However, no intracellular ROS was detected for any of the particles. Taken together, micron-sized Ni (Ni-m1) was more reactive and toxic compared to the nano-sized Ni. Furthermore, this study underlines that the low dose effect in terms of increased proliferation observed for all particles should be further investigated in future studies. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-4951072 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2016 |
publisher | Public Library of Science |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-49510722016-08-08 Nickel Release, ROS Generation and Toxicity of Ni and NiO Micro- and Nanoparticles Latvala, Siiri Hedberg, Jonas Di Bucchianico, Sebastiano Möller, Lennart Odnevall Wallinder, Inger Elihn, Karine Karlsson, Hanna L. PLoS One Research Article Occupational exposure to airborne nickel is associated with an elevated risk for respiratory tract diseases including lung cancer. Therefore, the increased production of Ni-containing nanoparticles necessitates a thorough assessment of their physical, chemical, as well as toxicological properties. The aim of this study was to investigate and compare the characteristics of nickel metal (Ni) and nickel oxide (NiO) particles with a focus on Ni release, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, cellular uptake, cytotoxicity and genotoxicity. Four Ni-containing particles of both nano-size (Ni-n and NiO-n) and micron-size (Ni-m1 and Ni-m2) were tested. The released amount of Ni in solution was notably higher in artificial lysosomal fluid (e.g. 80–100 wt% for metallic Ni) than in cell medium after 24h (ca. 1–3 wt% for all particles). Each of the particles was taken up by the cells within 4 h and they remained in the cells to a high extent after 24 h post-incubation. Thus, the high dissolution in ALF appeared not to reflect the particle dissolution in the cells. Ni-m1 showed the most pronounced effect on cell viability after 48 h (alamar blue assay) whereas all particles showed increased cytotoxicity in the highest doses (20–40 μg cm(2)) when assessed by colony forming efficiency (CFE). Interestingly an increased CFE, suggesting higher proliferation, was observed for all particles in low doses (0.1 or 1 μg cm(-2)). Ni-m1 and NiO-n were the most potent in causing acellular ROS and DNA damage. However, no intracellular ROS was detected for any of the particles. Taken together, micron-sized Ni (Ni-m1) was more reactive and toxic compared to the nano-sized Ni. Furthermore, this study underlines that the low dose effect in terms of increased proliferation observed for all particles should be further investigated in future studies. Public Library of Science 2016-07-19 /pmc/articles/PMC4951072/ /pubmed/27434640 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0159684 Text en © 2016 Latvala et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Latvala, Siiri Hedberg, Jonas Di Bucchianico, Sebastiano Möller, Lennart Odnevall Wallinder, Inger Elihn, Karine Karlsson, Hanna L. Nickel Release, ROS Generation and Toxicity of Ni and NiO Micro- and Nanoparticles |
title | Nickel Release, ROS Generation and Toxicity of Ni and NiO Micro- and Nanoparticles |
title_full | Nickel Release, ROS Generation and Toxicity of Ni and NiO Micro- and Nanoparticles |
title_fullStr | Nickel Release, ROS Generation and Toxicity of Ni and NiO Micro- and Nanoparticles |
title_full_unstemmed | Nickel Release, ROS Generation and Toxicity of Ni and NiO Micro- and Nanoparticles |
title_short | Nickel Release, ROS Generation and Toxicity of Ni and NiO Micro- and Nanoparticles |
title_sort | nickel release, ros generation and toxicity of ni and nio micro- and nanoparticles |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4951072/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27434640 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0159684 |
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