Case report of subcutaneous panniculitis-like T-cell lymphoma complicated by eyelid swelling

BACKGROUND: Subcutaneous panniculitis-like T-cell lymphoma (SPTCL) is a rare, highly malignant, extranodal lymphoma that preferentially infiltrates into subcutaneous adipose tissue. No case of SPTCL with the earliest symptoms occurring in the eye region has been reported. We report a case of SPTCL complicated by eyelid swelling. CASE PRESENTATION: A 19-year-old Japanese man presented with worsening left eyelid swelling. The patient’s best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was 0.8, left intraocular pressure was 36 mm Hg, and he had prominent mucosal hyperemia and edema. His left eye had light reflex attenuation and a positive relative afferent pupillary defect, but no abnormality in the visual field or central flicker value. Magnetic resonance imaging showed left orbital adipose tissue inflammation. The blood examination was normal. He was hospitalized for an intensive examination and treatment for possible cellulitis, orbital panniculitis, and inflammatory pseudotumor. Systemic antibiotics were initiated. The following day, he underwent a sub-Tenon’s injection of triamcinolone. Left eyelid swelling gradually improved. He was discharged on the ninth day and followed up with oral prednisolone. Two months later, he visited our department because of a high fever and slight right eyelid swelling. Ocular hypertension was detected. A blood examination revealed pancytopenia. Computed tomography showed fluid retention, hydrothorax, and abdominal dropsy. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed right orbital panniculitis. Because of suspected hemodyscrasia, he was referred to the hematology department of another hospital where he was diagnosed with SPTCL. CONCLUSIONS: The possibility of SPTCL, with attention to recurrence and systemic symptoms, should be considered in young patients with sudden eyelid swelling.