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Evidence for Suppression of Onchocerciasis Transmission in Bioko Island, Equatorial Guinea
Onchocerciasis or "river blindness" is a chronic parasitic neglected tropical disease which is endemic both in mainland and insular Equatorial Guinea. We aim to estimate the current epidemiological situation of onchocerciasis in Bioko Island after vector elimination in 2005 and more than s...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Public Library of Science
2016
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4957785/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27448085 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0004829 |
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author | Moya, Laura Herrador, Zaida Ta-Tang, Thuy Huong Rubio, Jose Miguel Perteguer, Maria Jesús Hernandez-González, Ana García, Belén Nguema, Rufino Nguema, Justino Ncogo, Policarpo Garate, Teresa Benito, Agustín Sima, Anacleto Aparicio, Pilar |
author_facet | Moya, Laura Herrador, Zaida Ta-Tang, Thuy Huong Rubio, Jose Miguel Perteguer, Maria Jesús Hernandez-González, Ana García, Belén Nguema, Rufino Nguema, Justino Ncogo, Policarpo Garate, Teresa Benito, Agustín Sima, Anacleto Aparicio, Pilar |
author_sort | Moya, Laura |
collection | PubMed |
description | Onchocerciasis or "river blindness" is a chronic parasitic neglected tropical disease which is endemic both in mainland and insular Equatorial Guinea. We aim to estimate the current epidemiological situation of onchocerciasis in Bioko Island after vector elimination in 2005 and more than sixteen years of Community Directed Treatment with Ivermectin (CDTI) by using molecular and serological approaches for onchocerciasis diagnosis. A community-based cross-sectional study was carried out in Bioko Island from mid-January to mid-February 2014. A total of 544 study participants were recruited. A complete dermatological examination was performed and three skin snips were performed in every participant for parasitological and molecular assessments. Blood spots were also taken for determination of Ov16 IgG4 antibodies trough an “in-house” ELISA assay. Overall, we found 15 out of 522 individuals suffering any onchocerciasis specific cutaneous lesions and 16 out of 528 (3.0%) with onchocercal nodules in the skin. Nodules were significantly associated with age, being more common in subjects older than 10 years than in younger people (3.9% vs. 0%, p = 0.029). Regarding the onchocerciasis laboratory assessment, no positive parasitological test for microfilaria detection was found in the skin snips. The calculated seroprevalence through IgG4 serology was 7.9%. No children less than 10 years old were found to be positive for this test. Only one case was positive for Onchocerca volvulus (O. volvulus) after skin PCR. The present study points out that the on-going mass ivermectin treatment has been effective in reducing the prevalence of onchocerciasis and corroborates the interruption of transmission in Bioko Island. To our knowledge, this is the first time that accurate information through molecular and serological techniques is generated to estimate the onchocerciasis prevalence in this zone. Sustained support from the national program and appropriate communication and health education strategies to reinforce participation in CDTI activities are essential to ensure progress towards onchocerciasis elimination in the country. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-4957785 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2016 |
publisher | Public Library of Science |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-49577852016-08-08 Evidence for Suppression of Onchocerciasis Transmission in Bioko Island, Equatorial Guinea Moya, Laura Herrador, Zaida Ta-Tang, Thuy Huong Rubio, Jose Miguel Perteguer, Maria Jesús Hernandez-González, Ana García, Belén Nguema, Rufino Nguema, Justino Ncogo, Policarpo Garate, Teresa Benito, Agustín Sima, Anacleto Aparicio, Pilar PLoS Negl Trop Dis Research Article Onchocerciasis or "river blindness" is a chronic parasitic neglected tropical disease which is endemic both in mainland and insular Equatorial Guinea. We aim to estimate the current epidemiological situation of onchocerciasis in Bioko Island after vector elimination in 2005 and more than sixteen years of Community Directed Treatment with Ivermectin (CDTI) by using molecular and serological approaches for onchocerciasis diagnosis. A community-based cross-sectional study was carried out in Bioko Island from mid-January to mid-February 2014. A total of 544 study participants were recruited. A complete dermatological examination was performed and three skin snips were performed in every participant for parasitological and molecular assessments. Blood spots were also taken for determination of Ov16 IgG4 antibodies trough an “in-house” ELISA assay. Overall, we found 15 out of 522 individuals suffering any onchocerciasis specific cutaneous lesions and 16 out of 528 (3.0%) with onchocercal nodules in the skin. Nodules were significantly associated with age, being more common in subjects older than 10 years than in younger people (3.9% vs. 0%, p = 0.029). Regarding the onchocerciasis laboratory assessment, no positive parasitological test for microfilaria detection was found in the skin snips. The calculated seroprevalence through IgG4 serology was 7.9%. No children less than 10 years old were found to be positive for this test. Only one case was positive for Onchocerca volvulus (O. volvulus) after skin PCR. The present study points out that the on-going mass ivermectin treatment has been effective in reducing the prevalence of onchocerciasis and corroborates the interruption of transmission in Bioko Island. To our knowledge, this is the first time that accurate information through molecular and serological techniques is generated to estimate the onchocerciasis prevalence in this zone. Sustained support from the national program and appropriate communication and health education strategies to reinforce participation in CDTI activities are essential to ensure progress towards onchocerciasis elimination in the country. Public Library of Science 2016-07-22 /pmc/articles/PMC4957785/ /pubmed/27448085 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0004829 Text en © 2016 Moya et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Moya, Laura Herrador, Zaida Ta-Tang, Thuy Huong Rubio, Jose Miguel Perteguer, Maria Jesús Hernandez-González, Ana García, Belén Nguema, Rufino Nguema, Justino Ncogo, Policarpo Garate, Teresa Benito, Agustín Sima, Anacleto Aparicio, Pilar Evidence for Suppression of Onchocerciasis Transmission in Bioko Island, Equatorial Guinea |
title | Evidence for Suppression of Onchocerciasis Transmission in Bioko Island, Equatorial Guinea |
title_full | Evidence for Suppression of Onchocerciasis Transmission in Bioko Island, Equatorial Guinea |
title_fullStr | Evidence for Suppression of Onchocerciasis Transmission in Bioko Island, Equatorial Guinea |
title_full_unstemmed | Evidence for Suppression of Onchocerciasis Transmission in Bioko Island, Equatorial Guinea |
title_short | Evidence for Suppression of Onchocerciasis Transmission in Bioko Island, Equatorial Guinea |
title_sort | evidence for suppression of onchocerciasis transmission in bioko island, equatorial guinea |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4957785/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27448085 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0004829 |
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