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Implications of Hydrogen Sulfide in Glucose Regulation: How H(2)S Can Alter Glucose Homeostasis through Metabolic Hormones

Diabetes and its comorbidities continue to be a major health problem worldwide. Understanding the precise mechanisms that control glucose homeostasis and their dysregulation during diabetes are a major research focus. Hydrogen sulfide (H(2)S) has emerged as an important regulator of glucose homeosta...

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Autores principales: Pichette, Jennifer, Gagnon, Jeffrey
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Hindawi Publishing Corporation 2016
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4958482/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27478532
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/3285074
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author Pichette, Jennifer
Gagnon, Jeffrey
author_facet Pichette, Jennifer
Gagnon, Jeffrey
author_sort Pichette, Jennifer
collection PubMed
description Diabetes and its comorbidities continue to be a major health problem worldwide. Understanding the precise mechanisms that control glucose homeostasis and their dysregulation during diabetes are a major research focus. Hydrogen sulfide (H(2)S) has emerged as an important regulator of glucose homeostasis. This is achieved through its production and action in several metabolic and hormone producing organs including the pancreas, liver, and adipose. Of importance, H(2)S production and signaling in these tissues are altered during both type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus. This review first examines how H(2)S is produced both endogenously and by gastrointestinal microbes, with a particular focus on the altered production that occurs during obesity and diabetes. Next, the action of H(2)S on the metabolic organs with key roles in glucose homeostasis, with a particular focus on insulin, is described. Recent work has also suggested that the effects of H(2)S on glucose homeostasis goes beyond its role in insulin secretion. Several studies have demonstrated important roles for H(2)S in hepatic glucose output and adipose glucose uptake. The mechanism of H(2)S action on these metabolic organs is described. In the final part of this review, future directions examining the roles of H(2)S in other metabolic and glucoregulatory hormone secreting tissues are proposed.
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spelling pubmed-49584822016-07-31 Implications of Hydrogen Sulfide in Glucose Regulation: How H(2)S Can Alter Glucose Homeostasis through Metabolic Hormones Pichette, Jennifer Gagnon, Jeffrey Oxid Med Cell Longev Review Article Diabetes and its comorbidities continue to be a major health problem worldwide. Understanding the precise mechanisms that control glucose homeostasis and their dysregulation during diabetes are a major research focus. Hydrogen sulfide (H(2)S) has emerged as an important regulator of glucose homeostasis. This is achieved through its production and action in several metabolic and hormone producing organs including the pancreas, liver, and adipose. Of importance, H(2)S production and signaling in these tissues are altered during both type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus. This review first examines how H(2)S is produced both endogenously and by gastrointestinal microbes, with a particular focus on the altered production that occurs during obesity and diabetes. Next, the action of H(2)S on the metabolic organs with key roles in glucose homeostasis, with a particular focus on insulin, is described. Recent work has also suggested that the effects of H(2)S on glucose homeostasis goes beyond its role in insulin secretion. Several studies have demonstrated important roles for H(2)S in hepatic glucose output and adipose glucose uptake. The mechanism of H(2)S action on these metabolic organs is described. In the final part of this review, future directions examining the roles of H(2)S in other metabolic and glucoregulatory hormone secreting tissues are proposed. Hindawi Publishing Corporation 2016 2016-07-11 /pmc/articles/PMC4958482/ /pubmed/27478532 http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/3285074 Text en Copyright © 2016 J. Pichette and J. Gagnon. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Review Article
Pichette, Jennifer
Gagnon, Jeffrey
Implications of Hydrogen Sulfide in Glucose Regulation: How H(2)S Can Alter Glucose Homeostasis through Metabolic Hormones
title Implications of Hydrogen Sulfide in Glucose Regulation: How H(2)S Can Alter Glucose Homeostasis through Metabolic Hormones
title_full Implications of Hydrogen Sulfide in Glucose Regulation: How H(2)S Can Alter Glucose Homeostasis through Metabolic Hormones
title_fullStr Implications of Hydrogen Sulfide in Glucose Regulation: How H(2)S Can Alter Glucose Homeostasis through Metabolic Hormones
title_full_unstemmed Implications of Hydrogen Sulfide in Glucose Regulation: How H(2)S Can Alter Glucose Homeostasis through Metabolic Hormones
title_short Implications of Hydrogen Sulfide in Glucose Regulation: How H(2)S Can Alter Glucose Homeostasis through Metabolic Hormones
title_sort implications of hydrogen sulfide in glucose regulation: how h(2)s can alter glucose homeostasis through metabolic hormones
topic Review Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4958482/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27478532
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/3285074
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