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Viruses and mobile elements as drivers of evolutionary transitions

The history of life is punctuated by evolutionary transitions which engender emergence of new levels of biological organization that involves selection acting at increasingly complex ensembles of biological entities. Major evolutionary transitions include the origin of prokaryotic and then eukaryoti...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autor principal: Koonin, Eugene V.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: The Royal Society 2016
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4958936/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27431520
http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2015.0442
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author Koonin, Eugene V.
author_facet Koonin, Eugene V.
author_sort Koonin, Eugene V.
collection PubMed
description The history of life is punctuated by evolutionary transitions which engender emergence of new levels of biological organization that involves selection acting at increasingly complex ensembles of biological entities. Major evolutionary transitions include the origin of prokaryotic and then eukaryotic cells, multicellular organisms and eusocial animals. All or nearly all cellular life forms are hosts to diverse selfish genetic elements with various levels of autonomy including plasmids, transposons and viruses. I present evidence that, at least up to and including the origin of multicellularity, evolutionary transitions are driven by the coevolution of hosts with these genetic parasites along with sharing of ‘public goods’. Selfish elements drive evolutionary transitions at two distinct levels. First, mathematical modelling of evolutionary processes, such as evolution of primitive replicator populations or unicellular organisms, indicates that only increasing organizational complexity, e.g. emergence of multicellular aggregates, can prevent the collapse of the host–parasite system under the pressure of parasites. Second, comparative genomic analysis reveals numerous cases of recruitment of genes with essential functions in cellular life forms, including those that enable evolutionary transitions. This article is part of the themed issue ‘The major synthetic evolutionary transitions’.
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spelling pubmed-49589362016-08-19 Viruses and mobile elements as drivers of evolutionary transitions Koonin, Eugene V. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci Articles The history of life is punctuated by evolutionary transitions which engender emergence of new levels of biological organization that involves selection acting at increasingly complex ensembles of biological entities. Major evolutionary transitions include the origin of prokaryotic and then eukaryotic cells, multicellular organisms and eusocial animals. All or nearly all cellular life forms are hosts to diverse selfish genetic elements with various levels of autonomy including plasmids, transposons and viruses. I present evidence that, at least up to and including the origin of multicellularity, evolutionary transitions are driven by the coevolution of hosts with these genetic parasites along with sharing of ‘public goods’. Selfish elements drive evolutionary transitions at two distinct levels. First, mathematical modelling of evolutionary processes, such as evolution of primitive replicator populations or unicellular organisms, indicates that only increasing organizational complexity, e.g. emergence of multicellular aggregates, can prevent the collapse of the host–parasite system under the pressure of parasites. Second, comparative genomic analysis reveals numerous cases of recruitment of genes with essential functions in cellular life forms, including those that enable evolutionary transitions. This article is part of the themed issue ‘The major synthetic evolutionary transitions’. The Royal Society 2016-08-19 /pmc/articles/PMC4958936/ /pubmed/27431520 http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2015.0442 Text en © 2016 The Authors. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Published by the Royal Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/, which permits unrestricted use, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Articles
Koonin, Eugene V.
Viruses and mobile elements as drivers of evolutionary transitions
title Viruses and mobile elements as drivers of evolutionary transitions
title_full Viruses and mobile elements as drivers of evolutionary transitions
title_fullStr Viruses and mobile elements as drivers of evolutionary transitions
title_full_unstemmed Viruses and mobile elements as drivers of evolutionary transitions
title_short Viruses and mobile elements as drivers of evolutionary transitions
title_sort viruses and mobile elements as drivers of evolutionary transitions
topic Articles
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4958936/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27431520
http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2015.0442
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