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Structural Modifications of Fructans in Aloe barbadensis Miller (Aloe Vera) Grown under Water Stress

Aloe barbadensis Miller (Aloe vera) has a Crassulaceae acid metabolism which grants the plant great tolerance to water restrictions. Carbohydrates such as acemannans and fructans are among the molecules responsible for tolerating water deficit in other plant species. Nevertheless, fructans, which ar...

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Autores principales: Salinas, Carlos, Handford, Michael, Pauly, Markus, Dupree, Paul, Cardemil, Liliana
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2016
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4959688/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27454873
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0159819
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author Salinas, Carlos
Handford, Michael
Pauly, Markus
Dupree, Paul
Cardemil, Liliana
author_facet Salinas, Carlos
Handford, Michael
Pauly, Markus
Dupree, Paul
Cardemil, Liliana
author_sort Salinas, Carlos
collection PubMed
description Aloe barbadensis Miller (Aloe vera) has a Crassulaceae acid metabolism which grants the plant great tolerance to water restrictions. Carbohydrates such as acemannans and fructans are among the molecules responsible for tolerating water deficit in other plant species. Nevertheless, fructans, which are prebiotic compounds, have not been described nor studied in Aloe vera, whose leaf gel is known to possess beneficial pharmaceutical, nutritional and cosmetic properties. As Aloe vera is frequently cultivated in semi-arid conditions, like those found in northern Chile, we investigated the effect of water deficit on fructan composition and structure. For this, plants were subjected to different irrigation regimes of 100%, 75%, 50% and 25% field capacity (FC). There was a significant increase in the total sugars, soluble sugars and oligo and polyfructans in plants subjected to water deficit, compared to the control condition (100% FC) in both leaf tips and bases. The amounts of fructans were also greater in the bases compared to the leaf tips in all water treatments. Fructans also increase in degree of polymerization with increasing water deficit. Glycosidic linkage analyses by GC-MS, led to the conclusion that there are structural differences between the fructans present in the leaves of control plants with respect to plants irrigated with 50% and 25% FC. Therefore, in non-stressed plants, the inulin, neo-inulin and neo-levan type of fructans predominate, while in the most stressful conditions for the plant, Aloe vera also synthesizes fructans with a more branched structure, the neofructans. To our knowledge, the synthesis and the protective role of neo-fructans under extreme water deficit has not been previously reported.
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spelling pubmed-49596882016-08-08 Structural Modifications of Fructans in Aloe barbadensis Miller (Aloe Vera) Grown under Water Stress Salinas, Carlos Handford, Michael Pauly, Markus Dupree, Paul Cardemil, Liliana PLoS One Research Article Aloe barbadensis Miller (Aloe vera) has a Crassulaceae acid metabolism which grants the plant great tolerance to water restrictions. Carbohydrates such as acemannans and fructans are among the molecules responsible for tolerating water deficit in other plant species. Nevertheless, fructans, which are prebiotic compounds, have not been described nor studied in Aloe vera, whose leaf gel is known to possess beneficial pharmaceutical, nutritional and cosmetic properties. As Aloe vera is frequently cultivated in semi-arid conditions, like those found in northern Chile, we investigated the effect of water deficit on fructan composition and structure. For this, plants were subjected to different irrigation regimes of 100%, 75%, 50% and 25% field capacity (FC). There was a significant increase in the total sugars, soluble sugars and oligo and polyfructans in plants subjected to water deficit, compared to the control condition (100% FC) in both leaf tips and bases. The amounts of fructans were also greater in the bases compared to the leaf tips in all water treatments. Fructans also increase in degree of polymerization with increasing water deficit. Glycosidic linkage analyses by GC-MS, led to the conclusion that there are structural differences between the fructans present in the leaves of control plants with respect to plants irrigated with 50% and 25% FC. Therefore, in non-stressed plants, the inulin, neo-inulin and neo-levan type of fructans predominate, while in the most stressful conditions for the plant, Aloe vera also synthesizes fructans with a more branched structure, the neofructans. To our knowledge, the synthesis and the protective role of neo-fructans under extreme water deficit has not been previously reported. Public Library of Science 2016-07-25 /pmc/articles/PMC4959688/ /pubmed/27454873 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0159819 Text en © 2016 Salinas et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Salinas, Carlos
Handford, Michael
Pauly, Markus
Dupree, Paul
Cardemil, Liliana
Structural Modifications of Fructans in Aloe barbadensis Miller (Aloe Vera) Grown under Water Stress
title Structural Modifications of Fructans in Aloe barbadensis Miller (Aloe Vera) Grown under Water Stress
title_full Structural Modifications of Fructans in Aloe barbadensis Miller (Aloe Vera) Grown under Water Stress
title_fullStr Structural Modifications of Fructans in Aloe barbadensis Miller (Aloe Vera) Grown under Water Stress
title_full_unstemmed Structural Modifications of Fructans in Aloe barbadensis Miller (Aloe Vera) Grown under Water Stress
title_short Structural Modifications of Fructans in Aloe barbadensis Miller (Aloe Vera) Grown under Water Stress
title_sort structural modifications of fructans in aloe barbadensis miller (aloe vera) grown under water stress
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4959688/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27454873
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0159819
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