Cargando…

Improvements in Cycling but Not Handcycling 10 km Time Trial Performance in Habitual Caffeine Users

Caffeine supplementation during whole-/lower-body exercise is well-researched, yet evidence of its effect during upper-body exercise is equivocal. The current study explored the effects of caffeine on cycling/handcycling 10 km time trial (TT) performance in habitual caffeine users. Eleven recreation...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Graham-Paulson, Terri, Perret, Claudio, Goosey-Tolfrey, Victoria
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2016
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4963869/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27348000
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu8070393
_version_ 1782444996286218240
author Graham-Paulson, Terri
Perret, Claudio
Goosey-Tolfrey, Victoria
author_facet Graham-Paulson, Terri
Perret, Claudio
Goosey-Tolfrey, Victoria
author_sort Graham-Paulson, Terri
collection PubMed
description Caffeine supplementation during whole-/lower-body exercise is well-researched, yet evidence of its effect during upper-body exercise is equivocal. The current study explored the effects of caffeine on cycling/handcycling 10 km time trial (TT) performance in habitual caffeine users. Eleven recreationally trained males (mean (SD) age 24 (4) years, body mass 85.1 (14.6) kg, cycling/handcycling peak oxygen uptake ([Formula: see text] (peak)) 42.9 (7.3)/27.6 (5.1) mL∙kg∙min(−1), 160 (168) mg/day caffeine consumption) completed two maximal incremental tests and two familiarization sessions. During four subsequent visits, participants cycled/handcycled for 30 min at 65% mode-specific [Formula: see text] (peak) (preload) followed by a 10 km TT following the ingestion of 4 mg∙kg(−1) caffeine (CAF) or placebo (PLA). Caffeine significantly improved cycling (2.0 (2.0)%; 16:35 vs. 16:56 min; p = 0.033) but not handcycling (1.8 (3.0)%; 24:10 vs. 24:36 min; p = 0.153) TT performance compared to PLA. The improvement during cycling can be attributed to the increased power output during the first and last 2 km during CAF. Higher blood lactate concentration (Bla) was reported during CAF compared to PLA (p < 0.007) and was evident 5 min post-TT during cycling (11.2 ± 2.6 and 8.8 ± 3.2 mmol/L; p = 0.001) and handcycling (10.6 ± 2.5 and 9.2 ± 2.9 mmol/L; p = 0.006). Lower overall ratings of perceived exertion (RPE) were seen following CAF during the preload (p < 0.05) but not post-TT. Lower peripheral RPE were reported at 20 min during cycling and at 30 min during handcycling, and lower central RPE was seen at 30 min during cycling (p < 0.05). Caffeine improved cycling but not handcycling TT performance. The lack of improvement during handcycling may be due to the smaller active muscle mass, elevated (Bla) and/or participants’ training status.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-4963869
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2016
publisher MDPI
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-49638692016-08-03 Improvements in Cycling but Not Handcycling 10 km Time Trial Performance in Habitual Caffeine Users Graham-Paulson, Terri Perret, Claudio Goosey-Tolfrey, Victoria Nutrients Article Caffeine supplementation during whole-/lower-body exercise is well-researched, yet evidence of its effect during upper-body exercise is equivocal. The current study explored the effects of caffeine on cycling/handcycling 10 km time trial (TT) performance in habitual caffeine users. Eleven recreationally trained males (mean (SD) age 24 (4) years, body mass 85.1 (14.6) kg, cycling/handcycling peak oxygen uptake ([Formula: see text] (peak)) 42.9 (7.3)/27.6 (5.1) mL∙kg∙min(−1), 160 (168) mg/day caffeine consumption) completed two maximal incremental tests and two familiarization sessions. During four subsequent visits, participants cycled/handcycled for 30 min at 65% mode-specific [Formula: see text] (peak) (preload) followed by a 10 km TT following the ingestion of 4 mg∙kg(−1) caffeine (CAF) or placebo (PLA). Caffeine significantly improved cycling (2.0 (2.0)%; 16:35 vs. 16:56 min; p = 0.033) but not handcycling (1.8 (3.0)%; 24:10 vs. 24:36 min; p = 0.153) TT performance compared to PLA. The improvement during cycling can be attributed to the increased power output during the first and last 2 km during CAF. Higher blood lactate concentration (Bla) was reported during CAF compared to PLA (p < 0.007) and was evident 5 min post-TT during cycling (11.2 ± 2.6 and 8.8 ± 3.2 mmol/L; p = 0.001) and handcycling (10.6 ± 2.5 and 9.2 ± 2.9 mmol/L; p = 0.006). Lower overall ratings of perceived exertion (RPE) were seen following CAF during the preload (p < 0.05) but not post-TT. Lower peripheral RPE were reported at 20 min during cycling and at 30 min during handcycling, and lower central RPE was seen at 30 min during cycling (p < 0.05). Caffeine improved cycling but not handcycling TT performance. The lack of improvement during handcycling may be due to the smaller active muscle mass, elevated (Bla) and/or participants’ training status. MDPI 2016-06-25 /pmc/articles/PMC4963869/ /pubmed/27348000 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu8070393 Text en © 2016 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Graham-Paulson, Terri
Perret, Claudio
Goosey-Tolfrey, Victoria
Improvements in Cycling but Not Handcycling 10 km Time Trial Performance in Habitual Caffeine Users
title Improvements in Cycling but Not Handcycling 10 km Time Trial Performance in Habitual Caffeine Users
title_full Improvements in Cycling but Not Handcycling 10 km Time Trial Performance in Habitual Caffeine Users
title_fullStr Improvements in Cycling but Not Handcycling 10 km Time Trial Performance in Habitual Caffeine Users
title_full_unstemmed Improvements in Cycling but Not Handcycling 10 km Time Trial Performance in Habitual Caffeine Users
title_short Improvements in Cycling but Not Handcycling 10 km Time Trial Performance in Habitual Caffeine Users
title_sort improvements in cycling but not handcycling 10 km time trial performance in habitual caffeine users
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4963869/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27348000
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu8070393
work_keys_str_mv AT grahampaulsonterri improvementsincyclingbutnothandcycling10kmtimetrialperformanceinhabitualcaffeineusers
AT perretclaudio improvementsincyclingbutnothandcycling10kmtimetrialperformanceinhabitualcaffeineusers
AT gooseytolfreyvictoria improvementsincyclingbutnothandcycling10kmtimetrialperformanceinhabitualcaffeineusers