Cargando…

Common risk factors and edentulism in adults, aged 50 years and over, in China, Ghana, India and South Africa: results from the WHO Study on global AGEing and adult health (SAGE)

BACKGROUND: Edentulism (loss of all teeth) is a final marker of disease burden for oral health common among older adults and poorer populations. Yet most evidence is from high-income countries. Oral health has many of the same social and behavioural risk factors as other non-communicable diseases (N...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Kailembo, Alexander, Preet, Raman, Stewart Williams, Jennifer
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2016
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4964081/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27465011
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12903-016-0256-2
_version_ 1782445042258935808
author Kailembo, Alexander
Preet, Raman
Stewart Williams, Jennifer
author_facet Kailembo, Alexander
Preet, Raman
Stewart Williams, Jennifer
author_sort Kailembo, Alexander
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Edentulism (loss of all teeth) is a final marker of disease burden for oral health common among older adults and poorer populations. Yet most evidence is from high-income countries. Oral health has many of the same social and behavioural risk factors as other non-communicable diseases (NCDs) which are increasing rapidly in low- and middle-income countries with ageing populations. The “common risk factor approach” (CRFA) for oral health addresses risk factors shared with NCDs within the broader social and economic environment. METHODS: The aim is to improve understanding of edentulism prevalence, and association between common risk factors and edentulism in adults aged 50 years and above using nationally representative samples from China (N = 11,692), Ghana (N = 4093), India (N = 6409) and South Africa (N = 2985). The data source is the World Health Organization (WHO) Study on global AGEing and adult health (SAGE) Wave 1 (2007–2010). Multivariable logistic regression describes association between edentulism and common risk factors reported in the literature. RESULTS: Prevalence of edentulism: in China 8.9 %, Ghana 2.9 %, India 15.3 %, and South Africa 8.7 %. Multivariable analysis: in China, rural residents were more likely to be edentulous (OR 1.36; 95 % CI 1.09–1.69) but less likely to be edentulous in Ghana (OR 0.53; 95 % CI 0.31–0.91) and South Africa (OR 0.52; 95 % CI 0.30–0.90). Respondents with university education (OR 0.31; 95 % CI 0.18–0.53) and in the highest wealth quintile (OR 0.68; 95 % CI 0.52–0.90) in China were less likely to be edentulous. In South Africa respondents with secondary education were more likely to be edentulous (OR 2.82; 95 % CI 1.52–5.21) as were those in the highest wealth quintile (OR 2.78; 95 % CI 1.16–6.70). Edentulism was associated with former smokers in China (OR 1.57; 95 % CI 1.10–2.25) non-drinkers in India (OR 1.65; 95 % CI 1.11–2.46), angina in Ghana (OR 2.86; 95 % CI 1.19–6.84) and hypertension in South Africa (OR 2.75; 95 % CI 1.72–4.38). Edentulism was less likely in respondents with adequate nutrition in China (OR 0.68; 95 % CI 0.53–0.87). Adjusting for all other factors, compared with China, respondents in India were 50 % more likely to be edentulous. CONCLUSIONS: Strengthening the CRFA should include addressing common determinants of health to reduce health inequalities and improve both oral and overall health.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-4964081
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2016
publisher BioMed Central
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-49640812016-07-29 Common risk factors and edentulism in adults, aged 50 years and over, in China, Ghana, India and South Africa: results from the WHO Study on global AGEing and adult health (SAGE) Kailembo, Alexander Preet, Raman Stewart Williams, Jennifer BMC Oral Health Research Article BACKGROUND: Edentulism (loss of all teeth) is a final marker of disease burden for oral health common among older adults and poorer populations. Yet most evidence is from high-income countries. Oral health has many of the same social and behavioural risk factors as other non-communicable diseases (NCDs) which are increasing rapidly in low- and middle-income countries with ageing populations. The “common risk factor approach” (CRFA) for oral health addresses risk factors shared with NCDs within the broader social and economic environment. METHODS: The aim is to improve understanding of edentulism prevalence, and association between common risk factors and edentulism in adults aged 50 years and above using nationally representative samples from China (N = 11,692), Ghana (N = 4093), India (N = 6409) and South Africa (N = 2985). The data source is the World Health Organization (WHO) Study on global AGEing and adult health (SAGE) Wave 1 (2007–2010). Multivariable logistic regression describes association between edentulism and common risk factors reported in the literature. RESULTS: Prevalence of edentulism: in China 8.9 %, Ghana 2.9 %, India 15.3 %, and South Africa 8.7 %. Multivariable analysis: in China, rural residents were more likely to be edentulous (OR 1.36; 95 % CI 1.09–1.69) but less likely to be edentulous in Ghana (OR 0.53; 95 % CI 0.31–0.91) and South Africa (OR 0.52; 95 % CI 0.30–0.90). Respondents with university education (OR 0.31; 95 % CI 0.18–0.53) and in the highest wealth quintile (OR 0.68; 95 % CI 0.52–0.90) in China were less likely to be edentulous. In South Africa respondents with secondary education were more likely to be edentulous (OR 2.82; 95 % CI 1.52–5.21) as were those in the highest wealth quintile (OR 2.78; 95 % CI 1.16–6.70). Edentulism was associated with former smokers in China (OR 1.57; 95 % CI 1.10–2.25) non-drinkers in India (OR 1.65; 95 % CI 1.11–2.46), angina in Ghana (OR 2.86; 95 % CI 1.19–6.84) and hypertension in South Africa (OR 2.75; 95 % CI 1.72–4.38). Edentulism was less likely in respondents with adequate nutrition in China (OR 0.68; 95 % CI 0.53–0.87). Adjusting for all other factors, compared with China, respondents in India were 50 % more likely to be edentulous. CONCLUSIONS: Strengthening the CRFA should include addressing common determinants of health to reduce health inequalities and improve both oral and overall health. BioMed Central 2016-07-27 /pmc/articles/PMC4964081/ /pubmed/27465011 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12903-016-0256-2 Text en © The Author(s). 2016 Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.
spellingShingle Research Article
Kailembo, Alexander
Preet, Raman
Stewart Williams, Jennifer
Common risk factors and edentulism in adults, aged 50 years and over, in China, Ghana, India and South Africa: results from the WHO Study on global AGEing and adult health (SAGE)
title Common risk factors and edentulism in adults, aged 50 years and over, in China, Ghana, India and South Africa: results from the WHO Study on global AGEing and adult health (SAGE)
title_full Common risk factors and edentulism in adults, aged 50 years and over, in China, Ghana, India and South Africa: results from the WHO Study on global AGEing and adult health (SAGE)
title_fullStr Common risk factors and edentulism in adults, aged 50 years and over, in China, Ghana, India and South Africa: results from the WHO Study on global AGEing and adult health (SAGE)
title_full_unstemmed Common risk factors and edentulism in adults, aged 50 years and over, in China, Ghana, India and South Africa: results from the WHO Study on global AGEing and adult health (SAGE)
title_short Common risk factors and edentulism in adults, aged 50 years and over, in China, Ghana, India and South Africa: results from the WHO Study on global AGEing and adult health (SAGE)
title_sort common risk factors and edentulism in adults, aged 50 years and over, in china, ghana, india and south africa: results from the who study on global ageing and adult health (sage)
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4964081/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27465011
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12903-016-0256-2
work_keys_str_mv AT kailemboalexander commonriskfactorsandedentulisminadultsaged50yearsandoverinchinaghanaindiaandsouthafricaresultsfromthewhostudyonglobalageingandadulthealthsage
AT preetraman commonriskfactorsandedentulisminadultsaged50yearsandoverinchinaghanaindiaandsouthafricaresultsfromthewhostudyonglobalageingandadulthealthsage
AT stewartwilliamsjennifer commonriskfactorsandedentulisminadultsaged50yearsandoverinchinaghanaindiaandsouthafricaresultsfromthewhostudyonglobalageingandadulthealthsage