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A cholera outbreak in Alborz Province, Iran: a matched case-control study
OBJECTIVES: A total of 229 confirmed cholera cases were reported in Alborz Province during an outbreak that lasted from June 2011 to August 2011. This study aimed to identify potential sources of transmission in order to determine suitable interventions in similar outbreaks. In other words, the less...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Korean Society of Epidemiology
2016
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4967910/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27188308 http://dx.doi.org/10.4178/epih.e2016018 |
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author | Moradi, Ghobad Rasouli, Mohammad Aziz Mohammadi, Parvin Elahi, Elham Barati, Hojatollah |
author_facet | Moradi, Ghobad Rasouli, Mohammad Aziz Mohammadi, Parvin Elahi, Elham Barati, Hojatollah |
author_sort | Moradi, Ghobad |
collection | PubMed |
description | OBJECTIVES: A total of 229 confirmed cholera cases were reported in Alborz Province during an outbreak that lasted from June 2011 to August 2011. This study aimed to identify potential sources of transmission in order to determine suitable interventions in similar outbreaks. In other words, the lessons learned from this retrospective study can be utilized to manage future similar outbreaks. METHODS: An age-matched and sex-matched case-control study was conducted during the outbreak. For each case, two control subjects were selected from the neighborhood. A case of cholera was defined as a bacteriologically confirmed case with signs and symptoms of cholera. This study was conducted from June 14, 2011 through August 23, 2011. The data were analyzed by calculating odds ratios (ORs) using the logistic regression method. RESULTS: In this outbreak, 229 confirmed cholera cases were diagnosed. The following risk factors were found to be associated with cholera: consumption of unrefrigerated leftover food (OR, 3.05; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.72 to 5.41), consumption of vegetables and fruits in the previous three days (OR, 2.75; 95% CI, 1.95 to 3.89), and a history of traveling in the previous five days (OR, 5.31; 95% CI, 2.21 to 9.72). CONCLUSIONS: Consumption of vegetables and fruits has remained an unresolved risk factor in cholera outbreaks in Iran in recent years. In order to reduce the risk of cholera, sanitary standards for fruits and vegetables should be observed at all points from production to consumption, the population should be educated regarding hygienic food storage during outbreaks, and sanitary standards should be maintained when traveling during cholera outbreaks. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-4967910 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2016 |
publisher | Korean Society of Epidemiology |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-49679102016-08-01 A cholera outbreak in Alborz Province, Iran: a matched case-control study Moradi, Ghobad Rasouli, Mohammad Aziz Mohammadi, Parvin Elahi, Elham Barati, Hojatollah Epidemiol Health Original Article OBJECTIVES: A total of 229 confirmed cholera cases were reported in Alborz Province during an outbreak that lasted from June 2011 to August 2011. This study aimed to identify potential sources of transmission in order to determine suitable interventions in similar outbreaks. In other words, the lessons learned from this retrospective study can be utilized to manage future similar outbreaks. METHODS: An age-matched and sex-matched case-control study was conducted during the outbreak. For each case, two control subjects were selected from the neighborhood. A case of cholera was defined as a bacteriologically confirmed case with signs and symptoms of cholera. This study was conducted from June 14, 2011 through August 23, 2011. The data were analyzed by calculating odds ratios (ORs) using the logistic regression method. RESULTS: In this outbreak, 229 confirmed cholera cases were diagnosed. The following risk factors were found to be associated with cholera: consumption of unrefrigerated leftover food (OR, 3.05; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.72 to 5.41), consumption of vegetables and fruits in the previous three days (OR, 2.75; 95% CI, 1.95 to 3.89), and a history of traveling in the previous five days (OR, 5.31; 95% CI, 2.21 to 9.72). CONCLUSIONS: Consumption of vegetables and fruits has remained an unresolved risk factor in cholera outbreaks in Iran in recent years. In order to reduce the risk of cholera, sanitary standards for fruits and vegetables should be observed at all points from production to consumption, the population should be educated regarding hygienic food storage during outbreaks, and sanitary standards should be maintained when traveling during cholera outbreaks. Korean Society of Epidemiology 2016-05-14 /pmc/articles/PMC4967910/ /pubmed/27188308 http://dx.doi.org/10.4178/epih.e2016018 Text en ©2016, Korean Society of Epidemiology This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Original Article Moradi, Ghobad Rasouli, Mohammad Aziz Mohammadi, Parvin Elahi, Elham Barati, Hojatollah A cholera outbreak in Alborz Province, Iran: a matched case-control study |
title | A cholera outbreak in Alborz Province, Iran: a matched case-control study |
title_full | A cholera outbreak in Alborz Province, Iran: a matched case-control study |
title_fullStr | A cholera outbreak in Alborz Province, Iran: a matched case-control study |
title_full_unstemmed | A cholera outbreak in Alborz Province, Iran: a matched case-control study |
title_short | A cholera outbreak in Alborz Province, Iran: a matched case-control study |
title_sort | cholera outbreak in alborz province, iran: a matched case-control study |
topic | Original Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4967910/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27188308 http://dx.doi.org/10.4178/epih.e2016018 |
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