Cargando…

New Perspectives on Ebola Virus Evolution

Since the recent devastating outbreak of Ebola virus disease in western Africa, there has been significant effort to understand the evolution of the deadly virus that caused the outbreak. There has been a considerable investment in sequencing Ebola virus (EBOV) isolates, and the results paint an imp...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Brown, Celeste J., Quates, Caleb J., Mirabzadeh, Christopher A., Miller, Craig R., Wichman, Holly A., Miura, Tanya A., Ytreberg, F. Marty
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2016
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4968807/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27479005
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0160410
_version_ 1782445707903369216
author Brown, Celeste J.
Quates, Caleb J.
Mirabzadeh, Christopher A.
Miller, Craig R.
Wichman, Holly A.
Miura, Tanya A.
Ytreberg, F. Marty
author_facet Brown, Celeste J.
Quates, Caleb J.
Mirabzadeh, Christopher A.
Miller, Craig R.
Wichman, Holly A.
Miura, Tanya A.
Ytreberg, F. Marty
author_sort Brown, Celeste J.
collection PubMed
description Since the recent devastating outbreak of Ebola virus disease in western Africa, there has been significant effort to understand the evolution of the deadly virus that caused the outbreak. There has been a considerable investment in sequencing Ebola virus (EBOV) isolates, and the results paint an important picture of how the virus has spread in western Africa. EBOV evolution cannot be understood outside the context of previous outbreaks, however. We have focused this study on the evolution of the EBOV glycoprotein gene (GP) because one of its products, the spike glycoprotein (GP(1,2)), is central to the host immune response and because it contains a large amount of the phylogenetic signal for this virus. We inferred the maximum likelihood phylogeny of 96 nonredundant GP gene sequences representing each of the outbreaks since 1976 up to the end of 2014. We tested for positive selection and considered the placement of adaptive amino acid substitutions along the phylogeny and within the protein structure of GP(1,2). We conclude that: 1) the common practice of rooting the phylogeny of EBOV between the first known outbreak in 1976 and the next outbreak in 1995 provides a misleading view of EBOV evolution that ignores the fact that there is a non-human EBOV host between outbreaks; 2) the N-terminus of GP(1) may be constrained from evolving in response to the host immune system by the highly expressed, secreted glycoprotein, which is encoded by the same region of the GP gene; 3) although the mucin-like domain of GP(1) is essential for EBOV in vivo, it evolves rapidly without losing its twin functions: providing O-linked glycosylation sites and a flexible surface.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-4968807
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2016
publisher Public Library of Science
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-49688072016-08-18 New Perspectives on Ebola Virus Evolution Brown, Celeste J. Quates, Caleb J. Mirabzadeh, Christopher A. Miller, Craig R. Wichman, Holly A. Miura, Tanya A. Ytreberg, F. Marty PLoS One Research Article Since the recent devastating outbreak of Ebola virus disease in western Africa, there has been significant effort to understand the evolution of the deadly virus that caused the outbreak. There has been a considerable investment in sequencing Ebola virus (EBOV) isolates, and the results paint an important picture of how the virus has spread in western Africa. EBOV evolution cannot be understood outside the context of previous outbreaks, however. We have focused this study on the evolution of the EBOV glycoprotein gene (GP) because one of its products, the spike glycoprotein (GP(1,2)), is central to the host immune response and because it contains a large amount of the phylogenetic signal for this virus. We inferred the maximum likelihood phylogeny of 96 nonredundant GP gene sequences representing each of the outbreaks since 1976 up to the end of 2014. We tested for positive selection and considered the placement of adaptive amino acid substitutions along the phylogeny and within the protein structure of GP(1,2). We conclude that: 1) the common practice of rooting the phylogeny of EBOV between the first known outbreak in 1976 and the next outbreak in 1995 provides a misleading view of EBOV evolution that ignores the fact that there is a non-human EBOV host between outbreaks; 2) the N-terminus of GP(1) may be constrained from evolving in response to the host immune system by the highly expressed, secreted glycoprotein, which is encoded by the same region of the GP gene; 3) although the mucin-like domain of GP(1) is essential for EBOV in vivo, it evolves rapidly without losing its twin functions: providing O-linked glycosylation sites and a flexible surface. Public Library of Science 2016-08-01 /pmc/articles/PMC4968807/ /pubmed/27479005 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0160410 Text en © 2016 Brown et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Brown, Celeste J.
Quates, Caleb J.
Mirabzadeh, Christopher A.
Miller, Craig R.
Wichman, Holly A.
Miura, Tanya A.
Ytreberg, F. Marty
New Perspectives on Ebola Virus Evolution
title New Perspectives on Ebola Virus Evolution
title_full New Perspectives on Ebola Virus Evolution
title_fullStr New Perspectives on Ebola Virus Evolution
title_full_unstemmed New Perspectives on Ebola Virus Evolution
title_short New Perspectives on Ebola Virus Evolution
title_sort new perspectives on ebola virus evolution
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4968807/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27479005
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0160410
work_keys_str_mv AT browncelestej newperspectivesonebolavirusevolution
AT quatescalebj newperspectivesonebolavirusevolution
AT mirabzadehchristophera newperspectivesonebolavirusevolution
AT millercraigr newperspectivesonebolavirusevolution
AT wichmanhollya newperspectivesonebolavirusevolution
AT miuratanyaa newperspectivesonebolavirusevolution
AT ytrebergfmarty newperspectivesonebolavirusevolution