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Precarious employment is a risk factor for poor mental health in young individuals in Sweden: a cohort study with multiple follow-ups

BACKGROUND: The globalisation of the economy and the labour markets has resulted in a growing proportion of individuals who find themselves in a precarious labour market situation, especially among the young. This pertains also to the Nordic countries, despite their characterisation as well develope...

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Autores principales: Canivet, Catarina, Bodin, Theo, Emmelin, Maria, Toivanen, Susanna, Moghaddassi, Mahnaz, Östergren, Per-Olof
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2016
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4969669/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27485322
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12889-016-3358-5
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author Canivet, Catarina
Bodin, Theo
Emmelin, Maria
Toivanen, Susanna
Moghaddassi, Mahnaz
Östergren, Per-Olof
author_facet Canivet, Catarina
Bodin, Theo
Emmelin, Maria
Toivanen, Susanna
Moghaddassi, Mahnaz
Östergren, Per-Olof
author_sort Canivet, Catarina
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: The globalisation of the economy and the labour markets has resulted in a growing proportion of individuals who find themselves in a precarious labour market situation, especially among the young. This pertains also to the Nordic countries, despite their characterisation as well developed welfare states with active labour market policies. This should be viewed against the background of a number of studies, which have shown that several aspects of precarious employment are detrimental to mental health. However, longitudinal studies from the Nordic region that examine the impact of precarious labour market conditions on mental health in young individuals are currently lacking. The present study aims to examine this impact in a general cohort of Swedish young people. METHODS: Postal questionnaires were sent out in 1999/2000 to a stratified random sample of the Scania population, Sweden; the response rate was 58 %. All of those who responded at baseline were invited to follow-ups after 5 and 10 years. Employment precariousness was determined based on detailed questions about present employment, previous unemployment, and self-rated risk of future unemployment. Mental health was assessed by GHQ-12. For this study individuals in the age range of 18–34 years at baseline, who were active in the labour market (employed or seeking job) and had submitted complete data from 1999/2000, 2005, and 2010 on employment precariousness and mental health status, were selected (N = 1135). RESULTS: Forty-two percent of the participants had a precarious employment situation at baseline. Labour market trajectories that included precarious employment in 1999/2000 or 2005 predicted poor mental health in 2010: the incidence ratio ratio was 1.4 (95 % CI: 1.1–2.0) when excluding all individuals with mental health problems at baseline and adjusting for age, gender, social support, social capital, and economic difficulties in childhood. The population attributable fraction regarding poor mental health in the studied age group was 18 %. CONCLUSIONS: This study supported the hypothesis that precarious employment should be regarded as an important social determinant for subsequent development of mental health problems in previously mentally healthy young people. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12889-016-3358-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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spelling pubmed-49696692016-08-03 Precarious employment is a risk factor for poor mental health in young individuals in Sweden: a cohort study with multiple follow-ups Canivet, Catarina Bodin, Theo Emmelin, Maria Toivanen, Susanna Moghaddassi, Mahnaz Östergren, Per-Olof BMC Public Health Research Article BACKGROUND: The globalisation of the economy and the labour markets has resulted in a growing proportion of individuals who find themselves in a precarious labour market situation, especially among the young. This pertains also to the Nordic countries, despite their characterisation as well developed welfare states with active labour market policies. This should be viewed against the background of a number of studies, which have shown that several aspects of precarious employment are detrimental to mental health. However, longitudinal studies from the Nordic region that examine the impact of precarious labour market conditions on mental health in young individuals are currently lacking. The present study aims to examine this impact in a general cohort of Swedish young people. METHODS: Postal questionnaires were sent out in 1999/2000 to a stratified random sample of the Scania population, Sweden; the response rate was 58 %. All of those who responded at baseline were invited to follow-ups after 5 and 10 years. Employment precariousness was determined based on detailed questions about present employment, previous unemployment, and self-rated risk of future unemployment. Mental health was assessed by GHQ-12. For this study individuals in the age range of 18–34 years at baseline, who were active in the labour market (employed or seeking job) and had submitted complete data from 1999/2000, 2005, and 2010 on employment precariousness and mental health status, were selected (N = 1135). RESULTS: Forty-two percent of the participants had a precarious employment situation at baseline. Labour market trajectories that included precarious employment in 1999/2000 or 2005 predicted poor mental health in 2010: the incidence ratio ratio was 1.4 (95 % CI: 1.1–2.0) when excluding all individuals with mental health problems at baseline and adjusting for age, gender, social support, social capital, and economic difficulties in childhood. The population attributable fraction regarding poor mental health in the studied age group was 18 %. CONCLUSIONS: This study supported the hypothesis that precarious employment should be regarded as an important social determinant for subsequent development of mental health problems in previously mentally healthy young people. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12889-016-3358-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. BioMed Central 2016-08-02 /pmc/articles/PMC4969669/ /pubmed/27485322 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12889-016-3358-5 Text en © The Author(s). 2016 Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.
spellingShingle Research Article
Canivet, Catarina
Bodin, Theo
Emmelin, Maria
Toivanen, Susanna
Moghaddassi, Mahnaz
Östergren, Per-Olof
Precarious employment is a risk factor for poor mental health in young individuals in Sweden: a cohort study with multiple follow-ups
title Precarious employment is a risk factor for poor mental health in young individuals in Sweden: a cohort study with multiple follow-ups
title_full Precarious employment is a risk factor for poor mental health in young individuals in Sweden: a cohort study with multiple follow-ups
title_fullStr Precarious employment is a risk factor for poor mental health in young individuals in Sweden: a cohort study with multiple follow-ups
title_full_unstemmed Precarious employment is a risk factor for poor mental health in young individuals in Sweden: a cohort study with multiple follow-ups
title_short Precarious employment is a risk factor for poor mental health in young individuals in Sweden: a cohort study with multiple follow-ups
title_sort precarious employment is a risk factor for poor mental health in young individuals in sweden: a cohort study with multiple follow-ups
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4969669/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27485322
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12889-016-3358-5
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