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Piezoresistive Membrane Surface Stress Sensors for Characterization of Breath Samples of Head and Neck Cancer Patients

For many diseases, where a particular organ is affected, chemical by-products can be found in the patient’s exhaled breath. Breath analysis is often done using gas chromatography and mass spectrometry, but interpretation of results is difficult and time-consuming. We performed characterization of pa...

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Autores principales: Lang, Hans Peter, Loizeau, Frédéric, Hiou-Feige, Agnès, Rivals, Jean-Paul, Romero, Pedro, Akiyama, Terunobu, Gerber, Christoph, Meyer, Ernst
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2016
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4970191/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27455276
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s16071149
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author Lang, Hans Peter
Loizeau, Frédéric
Hiou-Feige, Agnès
Rivals, Jean-Paul
Romero, Pedro
Akiyama, Terunobu
Gerber, Christoph
Meyer, Ernst
author_facet Lang, Hans Peter
Loizeau, Frédéric
Hiou-Feige, Agnès
Rivals, Jean-Paul
Romero, Pedro
Akiyama, Terunobu
Gerber, Christoph
Meyer, Ernst
author_sort Lang, Hans Peter
collection PubMed
description For many diseases, where a particular organ is affected, chemical by-products can be found in the patient’s exhaled breath. Breath analysis is often done using gas chromatography and mass spectrometry, but interpretation of results is difficult and time-consuming. We performed characterization of patients’ exhaled breath samples by an electronic nose technique based on an array of nanomechanical membrane sensors. Each membrane is coated with a different thin polymer layer. By pumping the exhaled breath into a measurement chamber, volatile organic compounds present in patients’ breath diffuse into the polymer layers and deform the membranes by changes in surface stress. The bending of the membranes is measured piezoresistively and the signals are converted into voltages. The sensor deflection pattern allows one to characterize the condition of the patient. In a clinical pilot study, we investigated breath samples from head and neck cancer patients and healthy control persons. Evaluation using principal component analysis (PCA) allowed a clear distinction between the two groups. As head and neck cancer can be completely removed by surgery, the breath of cured patients was investigated after surgery again and the results were similar to those of the healthy control group, indicating that surgery was successful.
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spelling pubmed-49701912016-08-04 Piezoresistive Membrane Surface Stress Sensors for Characterization of Breath Samples of Head and Neck Cancer Patients Lang, Hans Peter Loizeau, Frédéric Hiou-Feige, Agnès Rivals, Jean-Paul Romero, Pedro Akiyama, Terunobu Gerber, Christoph Meyer, Ernst Sensors (Basel) Article For many diseases, where a particular organ is affected, chemical by-products can be found in the patient’s exhaled breath. Breath analysis is often done using gas chromatography and mass spectrometry, but interpretation of results is difficult and time-consuming. We performed characterization of patients’ exhaled breath samples by an electronic nose technique based on an array of nanomechanical membrane sensors. Each membrane is coated with a different thin polymer layer. By pumping the exhaled breath into a measurement chamber, volatile organic compounds present in patients’ breath diffuse into the polymer layers and deform the membranes by changes in surface stress. The bending of the membranes is measured piezoresistively and the signals are converted into voltages. The sensor deflection pattern allows one to characterize the condition of the patient. In a clinical pilot study, we investigated breath samples from head and neck cancer patients and healthy control persons. Evaluation using principal component analysis (PCA) allowed a clear distinction between the two groups. As head and neck cancer can be completely removed by surgery, the breath of cured patients was investigated after surgery again and the results were similar to those of the healthy control group, indicating that surgery was successful. MDPI 2016-07-22 /pmc/articles/PMC4970191/ /pubmed/27455276 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s16071149 Text en © 2016 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Lang, Hans Peter
Loizeau, Frédéric
Hiou-Feige, Agnès
Rivals, Jean-Paul
Romero, Pedro
Akiyama, Terunobu
Gerber, Christoph
Meyer, Ernst
Piezoresistive Membrane Surface Stress Sensors for Characterization of Breath Samples of Head and Neck Cancer Patients
title Piezoresistive Membrane Surface Stress Sensors for Characterization of Breath Samples of Head and Neck Cancer Patients
title_full Piezoresistive Membrane Surface Stress Sensors for Characterization of Breath Samples of Head and Neck Cancer Patients
title_fullStr Piezoresistive Membrane Surface Stress Sensors for Characterization of Breath Samples of Head and Neck Cancer Patients
title_full_unstemmed Piezoresistive Membrane Surface Stress Sensors for Characterization of Breath Samples of Head and Neck Cancer Patients
title_short Piezoresistive Membrane Surface Stress Sensors for Characterization of Breath Samples of Head and Neck Cancer Patients
title_sort piezoresistive membrane surface stress sensors for characterization of breath samples of head and neck cancer patients
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4970191/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27455276
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s16071149
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