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Impairment on a self-ordered working memory task in patients with early-acquired hippocampal atrophy

One of the features of both adult-onset and developmental forms of amnesia resulting from bilateral medial temporal lobe damage, or even from relatively selective damage to the hippocampus, is the sparing of working memory. Recently, however, a number of studies have reported deficits on working mem...

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Autores principales: Geva, Sharon, Cooper, Janine M., Gadian, David G., Mishkin, Mortimer, Vargha-Khadem, Faraneh
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Elsevier 2016
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4973808/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27288821
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dcn.2016.06.001
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author Geva, Sharon
Cooper, Janine M.
Gadian, David G.
Mishkin, Mortimer
Vargha-Khadem, Faraneh
author_facet Geva, Sharon
Cooper, Janine M.
Gadian, David G.
Mishkin, Mortimer
Vargha-Khadem, Faraneh
author_sort Geva, Sharon
collection PubMed
description One of the features of both adult-onset and developmental forms of amnesia resulting from bilateral medial temporal lobe damage, or even from relatively selective damage to the hippocampus, is the sparing of working memory. Recently, however, a number of studies have reported deficits on working memory tasks in patients with damage to the hippocampus and in macaque monkeys with neonatal hippocampal lesions. These studies suggest that successful performance on working memory tasks with high memory load require the contribution of the hippocampus. Here we compared performance on a working memory task (the Self-ordered Pointing Task), between patients with early onset hippocampal damage and a group of healthy controls. Consistent with the findings in the monkeys with neonatal lesions, we found that the patients were impaired on the task, but only on blocks of trials with intermediate memory load. Importantly, only intermediate to high memory load blocks yielded significant correlations between task performance and hippocampal volume. Additionally, we found no evidence of proactive interference in either group, and no evidence of an effect of time since injury on performance. We discuss the role of the hippocampus and its interactions with the prefrontal cortex in serving working memory.
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spelling pubmed-49738082016-08-11 Impairment on a self-ordered working memory task in patients with early-acquired hippocampal atrophy Geva, Sharon Cooper, Janine M. Gadian, David G. Mishkin, Mortimer Vargha-Khadem, Faraneh Dev Cogn Neurosci Original Research One of the features of both adult-onset and developmental forms of amnesia resulting from bilateral medial temporal lobe damage, or even from relatively selective damage to the hippocampus, is the sparing of working memory. Recently, however, a number of studies have reported deficits on working memory tasks in patients with damage to the hippocampus and in macaque monkeys with neonatal hippocampal lesions. These studies suggest that successful performance on working memory tasks with high memory load require the contribution of the hippocampus. Here we compared performance on a working memory task (the Self-ordered Pointing Task), between patients with early onset hippocampal damage and a group of healthy controls. Consistent with the findings in the monkeys with neonatal lesions, we found that the patients were impaired on the task, but only on blocks of trials with intermediate memory load. Importantly, only intermediate to high memory load blocks yielded significant correlations between task performance and hippocampal volume. Additionally, we found no evidence of proactive interference in either group, and no evidence of an effect of time since injury on performance. We discuss the role of the hippocampus and its interactions with the prefrontal cortex in serving working memory. Elsevier 2016-06-03 /pmc/articles/PMC4973808/ /pubmed/27288821 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dcn.2016.06.001 Text en © 2016 The Authors http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Original Research
Geva, Sharon
Cooper, Janine M.
Gadian, David G.
Mishkin, Mortimer
Vargha-Khadem, Faraneh
Impairment on a self-ordered working memory task in patients with early-acquired hippocampal atrophy
title Impairment on a self-ordered working memory task in patients with early-acquired hippocampal atrophy
title_full Impairment on a self-ordered working memory task in patients with early-acquired hippocampal atrophy
title_fullStr Impairment on a self-ordered working memory task in patients with early-acquired hippocampal atrophy
title_full_unstemmed Impairment on a self-ordered working memory task in patients with early-acquired hippocampal atrophy
title_short Impairment on a self-ordered working memory task in patients with early-acquired hippocampal atrophy
title_sort impairment on a self-ordered working memory task in patients with early-acquired hippocampal atrophy
topic Original Research
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4973808/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27288821
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dcn.2016.06.001
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