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High-order species interactions shape ecosystem diversity

Classical theory shows that large communities are destabilized by random interactions among species pairs, creating an upper bound on ecosystem diversity. However, species interactions often occur in high-order combinations, whereby the interaction between two species is modulated by one or more oth...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Bairey, Eyal, Kelsic, Eric D., Kishony, Roy
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Nature Publishing Group 2016
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4974637/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27481625
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ncomms12285
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author Bairey, Eyal
Kelsic, Eric D.
Kishony, Roy
author_facet Bairey, Eyal
Kelsic, Eric D.
Kishony, Roy
author_sort Bairey, Eyal
collection PubMed
description Classical theory shows that large communities are destabilized by random interactions among species pairs, creating an upper bound on ecosystem diversity. However, species interactions often occur in high-order combinations, whereby the interaction between two species is modulated by one or more other species. Here, by simulating the dynamics of communities with random interactions, we find that the classical relationship between diversity and stability is inverted for high-order interactions. More specifically, while a community becomes more sensitive to pairwise interactions as its number of species increases, its sensitivity to three-way interactions remains unchanged, and its sensitivity to four-way interactions actually decreases. Therefore, while pairwise interactions lead to sensitivity to the addition of species, four-way interactions lead to sensitivity to species removal, and their combination creates both a lower and an upper bound on the number of species. These findings highlight the importance of high-order species interactions in determining the diversity of natural ecosystems.
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spelling pubmed-49746372016-08-18 High-order species interactions shape ecosystem diversity Bairey, Eyal Kelsic, Eric D. Kishony, Roy Nat Commun Article Classical theory shows that large communities are destabilized by random interactions among species pairs, creating an upper bound on ecosystem diversity. However, species interactions often occur in high-order combinations, whereby the interaction between two species is modulated by one or more other species. Here, by simulating the dynamics of communities with random interactions, we find that the classical relationship between diversity and stability is inverted for high-order interactions. More specifically, while a community becomes more sensitive to pairwise interactions as its number of species increases, its sensitivity to three-way interactions remains unchanged, and its sensitivity to four-way interactions actually decreases. Therefore, while pairwise interactions lead to sensitivity to the addition of species, four-way interactions lead to sensitivity to species removal, and their combination creates both a lower and an upper bound on the number of species. These findings highlight the importance of high-order species interactions in determining the diversity of natural ecosystems. Nature Publishing Group 2016-08-02 /pmc/articles/PMC4974637/ /pubmed/27481625 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ncomms12285 Text en Copyright © 2016, The Author(s) http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in the credit line; if the material is not included under the Creative Commons license, users will need to obtain permission from the license holder to reproduce the material. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
spellingShingle Article
Bairey, Eyal
Kelsic, Eric D.
Kishony, Roy
High-order species interactions shape ecosystem diversity
title High-order species interactions shape ecosystem diversity
title_full High-order species interactions shape ecosystem diversity
title_fullStr High-order species interactions shape ecosystem diversity
title_full_unstemmed High-order species interactions shape ecosystem diversity
title_short High-order species interactions shape ecosystem diversity
title_sort high-order species interactions shape ecosystem diversity
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4974637/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27481625
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ncomms12285
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