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Angiotensin Receptors: Structure, Function, Signaling and Clinical Applications

Angiotensinogen – a serpin family protein predominantly produced by the liver is systematically processed by proteases of the Renin Angiotensin system (RAS) generating hormone peptides. Specific cell surface receptors for at least three distinct angiotensin peptides produce distinct cellular signals...

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Autores principales: Singh, Khuraijam Dhanachandra, Karnik, Sadashiva S
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: 2016
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4976824/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27512731
http://dx.doi.org/10.4172/jcs.1000111
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author Singh, Khuraijam Dhanachandra
Karnik, Sadashiva S
author_facet Singh, Khuraijam Dhanachandra
Karnik, Sadashiva S
author_sort Singh, Khuraijam Dhanachandra
collection PubMed
description Angiotensinogen – a serpin family protein predominantly produced by the liver is systematically processed by proteases of the Renin Angiotensin system (RAS) generating hormone peptides. Specific cell surface receptors for at least three distinct angiotensin peptides produce distinct cellular signals that regulate system-wide physiological response to RAS. Two well characterized receptors are angiotensin type 1 receptor (AT1 receptor) and type 2 receptor (AT2 receptor). They respond to the octapeptide hormone angiotensin II. The oncogene product MAS is a putative receptor for Ang (1–7). While these are G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs), the in vivo angiotensin IV binding sites may be type 2 transmembrane proteins. These four receptors together regulate cardiovascular, hemodynamic, neurological, renal, and endothelial functions; as well as cell proliferation, survival, matrix-cell interactions and inflammation. Angiotensin receptors are important therapeutic targets for several diseases. Thus, researchers and pharmaceutical companies are focusing on drugs targeting AT1 receptor than AT2 receptor, MAS and AngIV binding sites. AT1 receptor blockers are the cornerstone of current treatment for hypertension, heart failure, renal failure and many types of vascular diseases including atherosclerosis, aortic aneurism and Marfan syndrome.
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spelling pubmed-49768242016-08-08 Angiotensin Receptors: Structure, Function, Signaling and Clinical Applications Singh, Khuraijam Dhanachandra Karnik, Sadashiva S J Cell Signal Article Angiotensinogen – a serpin family protein predominantly produced by the liver is systematically processed by proteases of the Renin Angiotensin system (RAS) generating hormone peptides. Specific cell surface receptors for at least three distinct angiotensin peptides produce distinct cellular signals that regulate system-wide physiological response to RAS. Two well characterized receptors are angiotensin type 1 receptor (AT1 receptor) and type 2 receptor (AT2 receptor). They respond to the octapeptide hormone angiotensin II. The oncogene product MAS is a putative receptor for Ang (1–7). While these are G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs), the in vivo angiotensin IV binding sites may be type 2 transmembrane proteins. These four receptors together regulate cardiovascular, hemodynamic, neurological, renal, and endothelial functions; as well as cell proliferation, survival, matrix-cell interactions and inflammation. Angiotensin receptors are important therapeutic targets for several diseases. Thus, researchers and pharmaceutical companies are focusing on drugs targeting AT1 receptor than AT2 receptor, MAS and AngIV binding sites. AT1 receptor blockers are the cornerstone of current treatment for hypertension, heart failure, renal failure and many types of vascular diseases including atherosclerosis, aortic aneurism and Marfan syndrome. 2016-04-08 2016-06 /pmc/articles/PMC4976824/ /pubmed/27512731 http://dx.doi.org/10.4172/jcs.1000111 Text en http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Article
Singh, Khuraijam Dhanachandra
Karnik, Sadashiva S
Angiotensin Receptors: Structure, Function, Signaling and Clinical Applications
title Angiotensin Receptors: Structure, Function, Signaling and Clinical Applications
title_full Angiotensin Receptors: Structure, Function, Signaling and Clinical Applications
title_fullStr Angiotensin Receptors: Structure, Function, Signaling and Clinical Applications
title_full_unstemmed Angiotensin Receptors: Structure, Function, Signaling and Clinical Applications
title_short Angiotensin Receptors: Structure, Function, Signaling and Clinical Applications
title_sort angiotensin receptors: structure, function, signaling and clinical applications
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4976824/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27512731
http://dx.doi.org/10.4172/jcs.1000111
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