Cargando…

Nitric oxide synthesis by nitrate reductase is regulated during development in A spergillus

Nitric oxide (NO) is a signalling molecule involved in many biological processes in bacteria, plants and mammals. However, little is known about the role and biosynthesis of NO in fungi. Here we show that NO production is increased at the early stages of the transition from vegetative growth to deve...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Marcos, Ana T., Ramos, María S., Marcos, Jose F., Carmona, Lourdes, Strauss, Joseph, Cánovas, David
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2015
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4982101/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26353949
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/mmi.13211
_version_ 1782447713410875392
author Marcos, Ana T.
Ramos, María S.
Marcos, Jose F.
Carmona, Lourdes
Strauss, Joseph
Cánovas, David
author_facet Marcos, Ana T.
Ramos, María S.
Marcos, Jose F.
Carmona, Lourdes
Strauss, Joseph
Cánovas, David
author_sort Marcos, Ana T.
collection PubMed
description Nitric oxide (NO) is a signalling molecule involved in many biological processes in bacteria, plants and mammals. However, little is known about the role and biosynthesis of NO in fungi. Here we show that NO production is increased at the early stages of the transition from vegetative growth to development in A spergillus nidulans. Full NO production requires a functional nitrate reductase (NR) gene (nia D) that is upregulated upon induction of conidiation, even under N‐repressing conditions in the presence of ammonium. At this stage, NO homeostasis is achieved by balancing biosynthesis (NR) and catabolism (flavohaemoglobins). nia D and flavohaemoglobin fhb A are transiently upregulated upon induction of conidiation, and both regulators AreA and NirA are necessary for this transcriptional response. The second flavohaemoglobin gene fhb B shows a different expression profile being moderately expressed during the early stages of the transition phase from vegetative growth to conidiation, but it is strongly induced 24 h later. NO levels influence the balance between conidiation and sexual reproduction because artificial strong elevation of NO levels reduced conidiation and induced the formation of cleistothecia. The nitrate‐independent and nitrogen metabolite repression‐insensitive transcriptional upregulation of nia D during conidiation suggests a novel role for NR in linking metabolism and development.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-4982101
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2015
publisher John Wiley and Sons Inc.
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-49821012016-08-26 Nitric oxide synthesis by nitrate reductase is regulated during development in A spergillus Marcos, Ana T. Ramos, María S. Marcos, Jose F. Carmona, Lourdes Strauss, Joseph Cánovas, David Mol Microbiol Research Articles Nitric oxide (NO) is a signalling molecule involved in many biological processes in bacteria, plants and mammals. However, little is known about the role and biosynthesis of NO in fungi. Here we show that NO production is increased at the early stages of the transition from vegetative growth to development in A spergillus nidulans. Full NO production requires a functional nitrate reductase (NR) gene (nia D) that is upregulated upon induction of conidiation, even under N‐repressing conditions in the presence of ammonium. At this stage, NO homeostasis is achieved by balancing biosynthesis (NR) and catabolism (flavohaemoglobins). nia D and flavohaemoglobin fhb A are transiently upregulated upon induction of conidiation, and both regulators AreA and NirA are necessary for this transcriptional response. The second flavohaemoglobin gene fhb B shows a different expression profile being moderately expressed during the early stages of the transition phase from vegetative growth to conidiation, but it is strongly induced 24 h later. NO levels influence the balance between conidiation and sexual reproduction because artificial strong elevation of NO levels reduced conidiation and induced the formation of cleistothecia. The nitrate‐independent and nitrogen metabolite repression‐insensitive transcriptional upregulation of nia D during conidiation suggests a novel role for NR in linking metabolism and development. John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2015-10-14 2016-01 /pmc/articles/PMC4982101/ /pubmed/26353949 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/mmi.13211 Text en © 2015 The Authors. Molecular Microbiology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Research Articles
Marcos, Ana T.
Ramos, María S.
Marcos, Jose F.
Carmona, Lourdes
Strauss, Joseph
Cánovas, David
Nitric oxide synthesis by nitrate reductase is regulated during development in A spergillus
title Nitric oxide synthesis by nitrate reductase is regulated during development in A spergillus
title_full Nitric oxide synthesis by nitrate reductase is regulated during development in A spergillus
title_fullStr Nitric oxide synthesis by nitrate reductase is regulated during development in A spergillus
title_full_unstemmed Nitric oxide synthesis by nitrate reductase is regulated during development in A spergillus
title_short Nitric oxide synthesis by nitrate reductase is regulated during development in A spergillus
title_sort nitric oxide synthesis by nitrate reductase is regulated during development in a spergillus
topic Research Articles
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4982101/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26353949
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/mmi.13211
work_keys_str_mv AT marcosanat nitricoxidesynthesisbynitratereductaseisregulatedduringdevelopmentinaspergillus
AT ramosmarias nitricoxidesynthesisbynitratereductaseisregulatedduringdevelopmentinaspergillus
AT marcosjosef nitricoxidesynthesisbynitratereductaseisregulatedduringdevelopmentinaspergillus
AT carmonalourdes nitricoxidesynthesisbynitratereductaseisregulatedduringdevelopmentinaspergillus
AT straussjoseph nitricoxidesynthesisbynitratereductaseisregulatedduringdevelopmentinaspergillus
AT canovasdavid nitricoxidesynthesisbynitratereductaseisregulatedduringdevelopmentinaspergillus