Cargando…

Mitonuclear coevolution as the genesis of speciation and the mitochondrial DNA barcode gap

Mitochondrial genes are widely used in taxonomy and systematics because high mutation rates lead to rapid sequence divergence and because such changes have long been assumed to be neutral with respect to function. In particular, the nucleotide sequence of the mitochondrial gene cytochrome c oxidase...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autor principal: Hill, Geoffrey E.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2016
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4983595/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27547358
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ece3.2338
_version_ 1782447921711546368
author Hill, Geoffrey E.
author_facet Hill, Geoffrey E.
author_sort Hill, Geoffrey E.
collection PubMed
description Mitochondrial genes are widely used in taxonomy and systematics because high mutation rates lead to rapid sequence divergence and because such changes have long been assumed to be neutral with respect to function. In particular, the nucleotide sequence of the mitochondrial gene cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 has been established as a highly effective DNA barcode for diagnosing the species boundaries of animals. Rarely considered in discussions of mitochondrial evolution in the context of systematics, speciation, or DNA barcodes, however, is the genomic architecture of the eukaryotes: Mitochondrial and nuclear genes must function in tight coordination to produce the complexes of the electron transport chain and enable cellular respiration. Coadaptation of these interacting gene products is essential for organism function. I extend the hypothesis that mitonuclear interactions are integral to the process of speciation. To maintain mitonuclear coadaptation, nuclear genes, which code for proteins in mitochondria that cofunction with the products of mitochondrial genes, must coevolve with rapidly changing mitochondrial genes. Mitonuclear coevolution in isolated populations leads to speciation because population‐specific mitonuclear coadaptations create between‐population mitonuclear incompatibilities and hence barriers to gene flow between populations. In addition, selection for adaptive divergence of products of mitochondrial genes, particularly in response to climate or altitude, can lead to rapid fixation of novel mitochondrial genotypes between populations and consequently to disruption in gene flow between populations as the initiating step in animal speciation. By this model, the defining characteristic of a metazoan species is a coadapted mitonuclear genotype that is incompatible with the coadapted mitochondrial and nuclear genotype of any other population.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-4983595
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2016
publisher John Wiley and Sons Inc.
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-49835952016-08-19 Mitonuclear coevolution as the genesis of speciation and the mitochondrial DNA barcode gap Hill, Geoffrey E. Ecol Evol Original Research Mitochondrial genes are widely used in taxonomy and systematics because high mutation rates lead to rapid sequence divergence and because such changes have long been assumed to be neutral with respect to function. In particular, the nucleotide sequence of the mitochondrial gene cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 has been established as a highly effective DNA barcode for diagnosing the species boundaries of animals. Rarely considered in discussions of mitochondrial evolution in the context of systematics, speciation, or DNA barcodes, however, is the genomic architecture of the eukaryotes: Mitochondrial and nuclear genes must function in tight coordination to produce the complexes of the electron transport chain and enable cellular respiration. Coadaptation of these interacting gene products is essential for organism function. I extend the hypothesis that mitonuclear interactions are integral to the process of speciation. To maintain mitonuclear coadaptation, nuclear genes, which code for proteins in mitochondria that cofunction with the products of mitochondrial genes, must coevolve with rapidly changing mitochondrial genes. Mitonuclear coevolution in isolated populations leads to speciation because population‐specific mitonuclear coadaptations create between‐population mitonuclear incompatibilities and hence barriers to gene flow between populations. In addition, selection for adaptive divergence of products of mitochondrial genes, particularly in response to climate or altitude, can lead to rapid fixation of novel mitochondrial genotypes between populations and consequently to disruption in gene flow between populations as the initiating step in animal speciation. By this model, the defining characteristic of a metazoan species is a coadapted mitonuclear genotype that is incompatible with the coadapted mitochondrial and nuclear genotype of any other population. John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2016-07-22 /pmc/articles/PMC4983595/ /pubmed/27547358 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ece3.2338 Text en © 2016 The Authors. Ecology and Evolution published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Original Research
Hill, Geoffrey E.
Mitonuclear coevolution as the genesis of speciation and the mitochondrial DNA barcode gap
title Mitonuclear coevolution as the genesis of speciation and the mitochondrial DNA barcode gap
title_full Mitonuclear coevolution as the genesis of speciation and the mitochondrial DNA barcode gap
title_fullStr Mitonuclear coevolution as the genesis of speciation and the mitochondrial DNA barcode gap
title_full_unstemmed Mitonuclear coevolution as the genesis of speciation and the mitochondrial DNA barcode gap
title_short Mitonuclear coevolution as the genesis of speciation and the mitochondrial DNA barcode gap
title_sort mitonuclear coevolution as the genesis of speciation and the mitochondrial dna barcode gap
topic Original Research
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4983595/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27547358
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ece3.2338
work_keys_str_mv AT hillgeoffreye mitonuclearcoevolutionasthegenesisofspeciationandthemitochondrialdnabarcodegap