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The ageing neuromuscular system and sarcopenia: a mitochondrial perspective

Skeletal muscles undergo structural and functional decline with ageing, culminating in sarcopenia. The underlying neuromuscular mechanisms have been the subject of intense investigation, revealing mitochondrial abnormalities as potential culprits within both nerve and muscle cells. Implicated mechan...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Rygiel, Karolina A., Picard, Martin, Turnbull, Doug M.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2016
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4983621/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26921061
http://dx.doi.org/10.1113/JP271212
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author Rygiel, Karolina A.
Picard, Martin
Turnbull, Doug M.
author_facet Rygiel, Karolina A.
Picard, Martin
Turnbull, Doug M.
author_sort Rygiel, Karolina A.
collection PubMed
description Skeletal muscles undergo structural and functional decline with ageing, culminating in sarcopenia. The underlying neuromuscular mechanisms have been the subject of intense investigation, revealing mitochondrial abnormalities as potential culprits within both nerve and muscle cells. Implicated mechanisms involve impaired mitochondrial dynamics, reduced organelle biogenesis and quality control via mitophagy, accumulation of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) damage and respiratory chain defect, metabolic disturbance, pro‐apoptotic signalling, and oxidative stress. This article provides an overview of the cellular mechanisms whereby mitochondria may promote maladaptive changes within motor neurons, the neuromuscular junction (NMJ) and muscle fibres. Lifelong physical activity, which promotes mitochondrial health across tissues, is emerging as an effective countermeasure for sarcopenia. [Image: see text]
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spelling pubmed-49836212016-10-03 The ageing neuromuscular system and sarcopenia: a mitochondrial perspective Rygiel, Karolina A. Picard, Martin Turnbull, Doug M. J Physiol Topical review Skeletal muscles undergo structural and functional decline with ageing, culminating in sarcopenia. The underlying neuromuscular mechanisms have been the subject of intense investigation, revealing mitochondrial abnormalities as potential culprits within both nerve and muscle cells. Implicated mechanisms involve impaired mitochondrial dynamics, reduced organelle biogenesis and quality control via mitophagy, accumulation of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) damage and respiratory chain defect, metabolic disturbance, pro‐apoptotic signalling, and oxidative stress. This article provides an overview of the cellular mechanisms whereby mitochondria may promote maladaptive changes within motor neurons, the neuromuscular junction (NMJ) and muscle fibres. Lifelong physical activity, which promotes mitochondrial health across tissues, is emerging as an effective countermeasure for sarcopenia. [Image: see text] John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2016-05-07 2016-08-15 /pmc/articles/PMC4983621/ /pubmed/26921061 http://dx.doi.org/10.1113/JP271212 Text en © 2016 The Authors. The Journal of Physiology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of The Physiological Society This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Topical review
Rygiel, Karolina A.
Picard, Martin
Turnbull, Doug M.
The ageing neuromuscular system and sarcopenia: a mitochondrial perspective
title The ageing neuromuscular system and sarcopenia: a mitochondrial perspective
title_full The ageing neuromuscular system and sarcopenia: a mitochondrial perspective
title_fullStr The ageing neuromuscular system and sarcopenia: a mitochondrial perspective
title_full_unstemmed The ageing neuromuscular system and sarcopenia: a mitochondrial perspective
title_short The ageing neuromuscular system and sarcopenia: a mitochondrial perspective
title_sort ageing neuromuscular system and sarcopenia: a mitochondrial perspective
topic Topical review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4983621/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26921061
http://dx.doi.org/10.1113/JP271212
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