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Are we closer to seeing carcinoma in situ in the upper urinary tract?
INTRODUCTION: There is observed increase in detection rate of upper urinary tract urothelial cancer worldwide. This is a result of improved imaging as well as implementation of novel technologies of direct visualization of upper urinary tract. Standard techniques still remain insufficient to diagnos...
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Polish Urological Association
2016
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4986306/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27551552 http://dx.doi.org/10.5173/ceju.2016.801 |
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author | Kata, Sławomir G. Aboumarzouk, Omar |
author_facet | Kata, Sławomir G. Aboumarzouk, Omar |
author_sort | Kata, Sławomir G. |
collection | PubMed |
description | INTRODUCTION: There is observed increase in detection rate of upper urinary tract urothelial cancer worldwide. This is a result of improved imaging as well as implementation of novel technologies of direct visualization of upper urinary tract. Standard techniques still remain insufficient to diagnose flat urothelial lesions. Carcinoma in situ is characterized by flat disordered proliferation of urothelial cells with marked cytologic abnormality, which occur within one cell layer as well as full thickness urothelium and therefore requires a better technology to pick up early and subtle mucosal changes. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The review presents available diagnostic tools in detection of upper urinary tract urothelial cancer and their ability to depict carcinoma in situ. RESULTS: Ureterorenoscopy is an investigation of choice as various promising techniques are under pilot investigations to enhance visualization of upper urinary tract carcinoma in situ. So far only photodynamic diagnosis has been reported to be as effective in detection of carcinoma in situ in the upper as within the lower urinary tract. CONCLUSIONS: Although we are close to see upper urinary tract carcinoma in situ all new promising diagnostic techniques still require further validation in multicenter clinical trials to indicate any change to current recommendations. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-4986306 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2016 |
publisher | Polish Urological Association |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-49863062016-08-22 Are we closer to seeing carcinoma in situ in the upper urinary tract? Kata, Sławomir G. Aboumarzouk, Omar Cent European J Urol Review Paper INTRODUCTION: There is observed increase in detection rate of upper urinary tract urothelial cancer worldwide. This is a result of improved imaging as well as implementation of novel technologies of direct visualization of upper urinary tract. Standard techniques still remain insufficient to diagnose flat urothelial lesions. Carcinoma in situ is characterized by flat disordered proliferation of urothelial cells with marked cytologic abnormality, which occur within one cell layer as well as full thickness urothelium and therefore requires a better technology to pick up early and subtle mucosal changes. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The review presents available diagnostic tools in detection of upper urinary tract urothelial cancer and their ability to depict carcinoma in situ. RESULTS: Ureterorenoscopy is an investigation of choice as various promising techniques are under pilot investigations to enhance visualization of upper urinary tract carcinoma in situ. So far only photodynamic diagnosis has been reported to be as effective in detection of carcinoma in situ in the upper as within the lower urinary tract. CONCLUSIONS: Although we are close to see upper urinary tract carcinoma in situ all new promising diagnostic techniques still require further validation in multicenter clinical trials to indicate any change to current recommendations. Polish Urological Association 2016-04-26 2016 /pmc/articles/PMC4986306/ /pubmed/27551552 http://dx.doi.org/10.5173/ceju.2016.801 Text en Copyright by Polish Urological Association http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0) License, allowing third parties to copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format and to remix, transform, and build upon the material, provided the original work is properly cited and states its license. |
spellingShingle | Review Paper Kata, Sławomir G. Aboumarzouk, Omar Are we closer to seeing carcinoma in situ in the upper urinary tract? |
title | Are we closer to seeing carcinoma in situ in the upper urinary tract? |
title_full | Are we closer to seeing carcinoma in situ in the upper urinary tract? |
title_fullStr | Are we closer to seeing carcinoma in situ in the upper urinary tract? |
title_full_unstemmed | Are we closer to seeing carcinoma in situ in the upper urinary tract? |
title_short | Are we closer to seeing carcinoma in situ in the upper urinary tract? |
title_sort | are we closer to seeing carcinoma in situ in the upper urinary tract? |
topic | Review Paper |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4986306/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27551552 http://dx.doi.org/10.5173/ceju.2016.801 |
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