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Presence and Persistence of Viable, Clinically Relevant Legionella pneumophila Bacteria in Garden Soil in the Netherlands

Garden soils were investigated as reservoirs and potential sources of pathogenic Legionella bacteria. Legionella bacteria were detected in 22 of 177 garden soil samples (12%) by amoebal coculture. Of these 22 Legionella-positive soil samples, seven contained Legionella pneumophila. Several other spe...

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Autores principales: van Heijnsbergen, E., van Deursen, A., Bouwknegt, M., Bruin, J. P., de Roda Husman, A. M., Schalk, J. A. C.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: American Society for Microbiology 2016
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4988192/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27316958
http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/AEM.00595-16
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author van Heijnsbergen, E.
van Deursen, A.
Bouwknegt, M.
Bruin, J. P.
de Roda Husman, A. M.
Schalk, J. A. C.
author_facet van Heijnsbergen, E.
van Deursen, A.
Bouwknegt, M.
Bruin, J. P.
de Roda Husman, A. M.
Schalk, J. A. C.
author_sort van Heijnsbergen, E.
collection PubMed
description Garden soils were investigated as reservoirs and potential sources of pathogenic Legionella bacteria. Legionella bacteria were detected in 22 of 177 garden soil samples (12%) by amoebal coculture. Of these 22 Legionella-positive soil samples, seven contained Legionella pneumophila. Several other species were found, including the pathogenic Legionella longbeachae (4 gardens) and Legionella sainthelensi (9 gardens). The L. pneumophila isolates comprised 15 different sequence types (STs), and eight of these STs were previously isolated from patients according to the European Working Group for Legionella Infections (EWGLI) database. Six gardens that were found to be positive for L. pneumophila were resampled after several months, and in three gardens, L. pneumophila was again isolated. One of these gardens was resampled four times throughout the year and was found to be positive for L. pneumophila on all occasions. IMPORTANCE Tracking the source of infection for sporadic cases of Legionnaires' disease (LD) has proven to be hard. L. pneumophila ST47, the sequence type that is most frequently isolated from LD patients in the Netherlands, is rarely found in potential environmental sources. As L. pneumophila ST47 was previously isolated from a garden soil sample during an outbreak investigation, garden soils were investigated as reservoirs and potential sources of pathogenic Legionella bacteria. The detection of viable, clinically relevant Legionella strains indicates that garden soil is a potential source of Legionella bacteria, and future research should assess the public health implication of the presence of L. pneumophila in garden soil.
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spelling pubmed-49881922016-09-06 Presence and Persistence of Viable, Clinically Relevant Legionella pneumophila Bacteria in Garden Soil in the Netherlands van Heijnsbergen, E. van Deursen, A. Bouwknegt, M. Bruin, J. P. de Roda Husman, A. M. Schalk, J. A. C. Appl Environ Microbiol Environmental Microbiology Garden soils were investigated as reservoirs and potential sources of pathogenic Legionella bacteria. Legionella bacteria were detected in 22 of 177 garden soil samples (12%) by amoebal coculture. Of these 22 Legionella-positive soil samples, seven contained Legionella pneumophila. Several other species were found, including the pathogenic Legionella longbeachae (4 gardens) and Legionella sainthelensi (9 gardens). The L. pneumophila isolates comprised 15 different sequence types (STs), and eight of these STs were previously isolated from patients according to the European Working Group for Legionella Infections (EWGLI) database. Six gardens that were found to be positive for L. pneumophila were resampled after several months, and in three gardens, L. pneumophila was again isolated. One of these gardens was resampled four times throughout the year and was found to be positive for L. pneumophila on all occasions. IMPORTANCE Tracking the source of infection for sporadic cases of Legionnaires' disease (LD) has proven to be hard. L. pneumophila ST47, the sequence type that is most frequently isolated from LD patients in the Netherlands, is rarely found in potential environmental sources. As L. pneumophila ST47 was previously isolated from a garden soil sample during an outbreak investigation, garden soils were investigated as reservoirs and potential sources of pathogenic Legionella bacteria. The detection of viable, clinically relevant Legionella strains indicates that garden soil is a potential source of Legionella bacteria, and future research should assess the public health implication of the presence of L. pneumophila in garden soil. American Society for Microbiology 2016-08-15 /pmc/articles/PMC4988192/ /pubmed/27316958 http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/AEM.00595-16 Text en Copyright © 2016 van Heijnsbergen et al. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) .
spellingShingle Environmental Microbiology
van Heijnsbergen, E.
van Deursen, A.
Bouwknegt, M.
Bruin, J. P.
de Roda Husman, A. M.
Schalk, J. A. C.
Presence and Persistence of Viable, Clinically Relevant Legionella pneumophila Bacteria in Garden Soil in the Netherlands
title Presence and Persistence of Viable, Clinically Relevant Legionella pneumophila Bacteria in Garden Soil in the Netherlands
title_full Presence and Persistence of Viable, Clinically Relevant Legionella pneumophila Bacteria in Garden Soil in the Netherlands
title_fullStr Presence and Persistence of Viable, Clinically Relevant Legionella pneumophila Bacteria in Garden Soil in the Netherlands
title_full_unstemmed Presence and Persistence of Viable, Clinically Relevant Legionella pneumophila Bacteria in Garden Soil in the Netherlands
title_short Presence and Persistence of Viable, Clinically Relevant Legionella pneumophila Bacteria in Garden Soil in the Netherlands
title_sort presence and persistence of viable, clinically relevant legionella pneumophila bacteria in garden soil in the netherlands
topic Environmental Microbiology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4988192/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27316958
http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/AEM.00595-16
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