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Toxicity and medical countermeasure studies on the organophosphorus nerve agents VM and VX
To support the effort to eliminate the Syrian Arab Republic chemical weapons stockpile safely, there was a requirement to provide scientific advice based on experimentally derived information on both toxicity and medical countermeasures (MedCM) in the event of exposure to VM, VX or VM–VX mixtures. C...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
The Royal Society Publishing
2015
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4991253/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27547080 http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspa.2014.0891 |
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author | Rice, Helen Dalton, Christopher H. Price, Matthew E. Graham, Stuart J. Green, A. Christopher Jenner, John Groombridge, Helen J. Timperley, Christopher M. |
author_facet | Rice, Helen Dalton, Christopher H. Price, Matthew E. Graham, Stuart J. Green, A. Christopher Jenner, John Groombridge, Helen J. Timperley, Christopher M. |
author_sort | Rice, Helen |
collection | PubMed |
description | To support the effort to eliminate the Syrian Arab Republic chemical weapons stockpile safely, there was a requirement to provide scientific advice based on experimentally derived information on both toxicity and medical countermeasures (MedCM) in the event of exposure to VM, VX or VM–VX mixtures. Complementary in vitro and in vivo studies were undertaken to inform that advice. The penetration rate of neat VM was not significantly different from that of neat VX, through either guinea pig or pig skin in vitro. The presence of VX did not affect the penetration rate of VM in mixtures of various proportions. A lethal dose of VM was approximately twice that of VX in guinea pigs poisoned via the percutaneous route. There was no interaction in mixed agent solutions which altered the in vivo toxicity of the agents. Percutaneous poisoning by VM responded to treatment with standard MedCM, although complete protection was not achieved. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-4991253 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2015 |
publisher | The Royal Society Publishing |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-49912532016-08-21 Toxicity and medical countermeasure studies on the organophosphorus nerve agents VM and VX Rice, Helen Dalton, Christopher H. Price, Matthew E. Graham, Stuart J. Green, A. Christopher Jenner, John Groombridge, Helen J. Timperley, Christopher M. Proc Math Phys Eng Sci Research Articles To support the effort to eliminate the Syrian Arab Republic chemical weapons stockpile safely, there was a requirement to provide scientific advice based on experimentally derived information on both toxicity and medical countermeasures (MedCM) in the event of exposure to VM, VX or VM–VX mixtures. Complementary in vitro and in vivo studies were undertaken to inform that advice. The penetration rate of neat VM was not significantly different from that of neat VX, through either guinea pig or pig skin in vitro. The presence of VX did not affect the penetration rate of VM in mixtures of various proportions. A lethal dose of VM was approximately twice that of VX in guinea pigs poisoned via the percutaneous route. There was no interaction in mixed agent solutions which altered the in vivo toxicity of the agents. Percutaneous poisoning by VM responded to treatment with standard MedCM, although complete protection was not achieved. The Royal Society Publishing 2015-04-08 /pmc/articles/PMC4991253/ /pubmed/27547080 http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspa.2014.0891 Text en http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ © 2015 The Authors. Published by the Royal Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/, which permits unrestricted use, provided the original author and source are credited. |
spellingShingle | Research Articles Rice, Helen Dalton, Christopher H. Price, Matthew E. Graham, Stuart J. Green, A. Christopher Jenner, John Groombridge, Helen J. Timperley, Christopher M. Toxicity and medical countermeasure studies on the organophosphorus nerve agents VM and VX |
title | Toxicity and medical countermeasure studies on the organophosphorus nerve agents VM and VX |
title_full | Toxicity and medical countermeasure studies on the organophosphorus nerve agents VM and VX |
title_fullStr | Toxicity and medical countermeasure studies on the organophosphorus nerve agents VM and VX |
title_full_unstemmed | Toxicity and medical countermeasure studies on the organophosphorus nerve agents VM and VX |
title_short | Toxicity and medical countermeasure studies on the organophosphorus nerve agents VM and VX |
title_sort | toxicity and medical countermeasure studies on the organophosphorus nerve agents vm and vx |
topic | Research Articles |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4991253/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27547080 http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspa.2014.0891 |
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